Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
12/2001
Clutches
Aclutchisamechanicaldevicethatprovidesfor
thetransmissionofpower(andthereforeusually
motion)fromonecomponent(thedriving
member)toanother(thedrivenmember)when
engaged,butcanbedisengaged.
Inthesimplestapplication,clutchesconnectand
disconnecttworotatingshafts(driveshaftsor
lineshafts).Inthesedevices,oneshaftis
typicallyattachedtoamotororotherpowerunit
(thedrivingmember)whiletheothershaft(the
drivenmember)providesoutputpowerforwork.
Whiletypicallythemotionsinvolvedarerotary,
linearclutchesarealsopossible.
Inatorque-controlleddrill,forinstance,oneshaft
isdrivenbyamotorandtheotherdrivesadrill
chuck.Theclutchconnectsthetwoshaftssothat
theymaybelockedtogetherandspinatthe
samespeed(engaged),lockedtogetherbut
spinningatdifferentspeeds(slipping),or
unlockedandspinningatdifferentspeeds
(disengaged).
2
Location of Clutches
Rearwheeldrive
Frontengine
Rearengine
Midengine
Frontwheeldrive
Construction Of Clutches
44-3
Constructionof
theClutch
Clutch Disk or
Friction Disk
Construction
oftheClutch
Flywheel bolts
to crankshaft
When
If
there
unbolting
is a chance
pressure
you will
plate
be reusing
from the
pressure plate,
flywheel,
remove
make
bolts
alignment
evenly asmarks
not to
to flywheel
bend
the cover.
to maintain
REMEMBER,
proper
this
balance
is
BEFORE
under
high
removal
spring pressure.
7
(throw-out bearing
T/O bearing) allows
to push on rotating
clutch fingers
Bolted to Crank
Bolted to flywheel - Applies
the spring force to clamp the
friction disk to the flywheel
Pressure Plate
Releases friction disk
from flywheel
Moves pressure
Plate right
T/O bearing
Pivots
Clutch terms
Clutchdisengaged
Clutchpedalisinordown
Clutchengaged
Clutchpedalisoutorup
(release
bearing)
Slidesontransmissioninputshaftbearing
retainer
11
Clutches
READ ON
12
Slipping clutch
13
Clutch Linkage
Canbeverycomplicated
Havetherightamountof
movementanddirection
withouttoomuchpedal
pressure
Wear
Motormounts
SpringtopullT/Obearing
away
Hastobelubricated
14
Clutch fork
T/O bearing
hooks here
Fulcrum point
15
Hydraulic clutch
Usesmastercylinderandslavecylinder
Usesbrakefluid
Mustbebleed
16
Hydraulic clutch
Nocomplicated
linkage
Caneasilycontrol
mechanical
advantagewith
pistonsizes
Selflubricating
Nomotormount
problems
Service just like you would hydraulic
brakes
17
Slave cylinder
18
Cable clutch
Nocomplicated
linkage
Flexibility
Nomotormount
problems
19
Friction disks
Oftenmadeof
asbestos
Mustbeputin
onlyoneway
Usuallymarked
Clutchwont
releaseifwrong
20
Friction disks
Cushionsprings
Wavedmetalbetweenclutchhalf's
Dampenclutchengagement
21
Friction disks
Torsionalsprings
Canbespringorrubber
Dampenpowerimpulsesfromcrankshaft
22
Torsional Springs
Has pins to limit amount of twist.
Springs try to keep it centered between pins.
Clutch disks
Friction material isnt very thick.
Minimum thickness around .012
12/2001
24
Types of Clutches
(pressure
plates)
Coilspring
9spring
12spring
3fingersforT/O
bearingtopush
on
25
Diaphragm-Spring
Clutches
26
Diaphragm-Spring Clutches
27
Centrifugal Clutch
ThefastertheRPM,theharderthe
clutchdiskissqueezed
28
Multi-plate Clutch
29
Conical Clutch
30
Preventsfromcrankingwithclutch
engaged
Somestandardtransmissionswontlet
youtakethekeyoutandlockthe
steeringcolumnwithoutthe
transmissioninreverse
Preventssteeringlockwhilemovingforward
31
32
Verywiseto:
Haveflywheelsurfaced(even with no runout or hot spots)
Replacepilotbushingorbearing
ReplaceT/Obearing
Replacepressureplate(cover,plate
springs)
33
Verywisetoinspect&replaceas
necessary:
Clutchfork&pivot
Inputshaftbearingretainerontransmission
(whereT/Obearingslides)
Linkage,cableorhydrauliccomponents
Motormounts
Flywheelringgear
34
Selectendthatfitstightinpilotbushing
orbearing
35
36
37
38