Person

De-Identification
in Videos

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Institute of Technical Education and Research,
BBSR
Siksha O Anusandhan University

Guided By :Ms. Mamata Nayak

Asst. Professor

Submitted By :Nikita
Regd. No. 1241017021
Csit C

Outline :
Introduction
Recognition vs de-identification

De-Identification: General Framework

Proposed Approach

Conclusions

WHY De-Identification ??
Videos over the internet invades our privacy. HOW??
E.g. Google Street View
As the number of video surveillance systems increases,
ensuring privacy gets important.

WHY De-Identification ??
May exist the need to see the individuals in them,
identifying the action suffices in most cases.
The actor needs to be identified only rarely
and only to authorized personnel.
Hence, De-Identification !!

Recognition vs. De-Identification

Recognition
makes use of
all possible
features to
identify a
person.

De-identification
prevents a persons
identity from being
connected with
information to
thwart recognition

De-Identifcation

Recognition

Recognition & de-identification are opposite to each other.

-Identification: General Framewo

Easy to hide the identity of individuals by replacing

a conservative area around them by, say, black pixels.
Goal is to protect the privacy of the individuals while
providing sufficient feel for the human activities in the
space being imaged.
Privacy protection provided should be immune to recognition
using computer vision as well as using human.

ifferent Scenarios & De-identifica

Three types of videos:
1. Casual videos: captured for other purposes and gets shared.
2. Public Surveillance videos: come from cameras watching
spaces such as airports, streets and so on.
3. Private surveillance videos: cameras placed at the entrances
of semi-private spaces like offices.

B. Criteria for De-identification

Features to recognize humans:
1. Face plays a dominant role in automatic and manual
identification.
2. The body silhouette and the gait are important clues
available in videos.
3. Race and gender, hard to mask completely.

C. Subverting De-identification

e-identifcation can be attacked to

veal the identity of individuals involved

Reversing the de-identification transformation.

Recognizing persons from face, body outline, gait e

Subverting De-identification (con

de-identifcation can be attacked to
reveal the identity of individuals involved

3. Manual identification is another way to subvert

de-identification, though it is considerably more

expensive.
4. Brute-Force verifcation is another way to attack.

D. Storage of Videos
1. The de-identification should be selectively reversed
when needed.

2. Safest approach is to de-identify the video at th

capture-camera. Only the transformed video is recorded.
3. Another approach is to store the original video, with
sufficiently hard encryption, along with the de-identified
video.

De-identification Model

The system is comprised of three modules:

1. Detect & track

2. Segmentation
3. De-Identification

A. Detect & Track

1. The first step is to detect the presence of a person in the scene.
2. Patch-based recognition approach for object tracking.
3. To avoid errors resulting from fast changing scale, we
apply the human detector every F frames
4. The output of the human detector becomes the input to the
tracking module. The value of F depends on the amount
of movement in the video.

B. Segmentation
1. The faces of the human in every frame, are stacked across
time to generate a video tube of the person.
2. Multiple video tubes are formed if there are multiple people
in the video.
3. Rigid but blocky outline of the human is obtained after
segmentation.

C. De-identification
Two de-identifcation transformations:

1. Exponential blur of pixels.

2. Line Integral Convolution (LIC).

Exponential blur of pixels

Blurring of the segmented area by continuous overlapping

till persons identity gets hidden.
Suitable only where gait is not involved.

Conclusion

Presented a basic system to protect privacy against

human recognition

Issues relating to de-identifcation of individuals in

videos to protect their privacy were analyzed

Characteristics are difficult to hide if familiarity is hig

to the user

Blurring is a good way to hide the identity if gait is

not involved.

Bibliography

De-Identifcation. Wikipedia: The free Encyclopedia

kipedia Foundation, Inc. 12th June 2015. Web. 23 Jul 1
ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De-identifcation>

P. Agrawal and P. J. Narayanan, Person De-Identifca

ideos, IEEE Transactions on circuits and systems fo
eo technology, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 299-310, Mar. 2011