Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Hanau proposed
nine factors that govern the articulation of
artificial teeth. They are:
Horizontal condylar inclination
Compensating curve
Protrusive incisal guidance
Plane of orientation
Buccolingual inclination of tooth axis
Sagittal condylar pathway
Sagittal incisal guidance
Tooth alignment
Relative cusp height
Bouchers concept
Boucher confronted Trapozzanos concept and
proposed the following three factors for
balanced occlusion.
Orientation of the occlusal plane, the incisal
guidance and the condylar guidance.
The angulation of the cusp is more important
than the height of the cusp.
The compensating curve enables one to
increase the height of the cusp without
changing the form of the teeth.
Lotts concept
Lott clarified Hanaus laws of occlusion by relating
them to the posterior separation that is a resultant
of the guiding factors
The greater the angle of the condylar path, the
greater is the posterior separation during protrusion.
The greater the angle of the overbite, the greater is
the separation in the anterior and posterior regions
irrespective of the angle of the condylar path.
The greater the separation of the posterior teeth the
greater or higher must be the compensating curve.
Levins concept :
Bernard Levin believed that it was not necessary to consider the
plane of occlusion because it was not very useful practically .Levin
also stated that the plane of occlusion can be slightly altered by 12mm in order to improve the stability of a denture.
He named the other four factors of occlusion as the quad.
Essentials of a quad are:
The condylar guidance is fixed and is recorded from the patient. The
balancing condylar guidance will include the Bennett movement of
the working condylar .this may or may not affect the lateral balance.
The incisal guidance is usually obtained from patients aesthetic and
phonetic requirements. However, it can be modified for special
requirements .e.g. the incisal guidance is decreased for flat ridges.
The compensating curve is the most important factor in obtaining
occlusal balance. Monoplane or low cusp teeth must employ the use
of compensating curve.
Cusp teeth have the inclines necessary for balanced occlusion but
nearly always are used with a compensating curve.
LINGUALIZED OCCLUSION
Features:
Maxillary posterior teeth should be
anatomic teeth with large, blunt lingual cusp.
Mandibular posterior teeth with 00 teeth and
large marginal ridge areas and very shallow
grooves and sluice ways.
MONOPLANE OCCLUSION
Requirements: 00 teeth
Articulator- A simple articulator that can maintain
VD, and incisal guide pin-do not need any complex
movements.
Features:
Anterior teeth have no overlap vertically &
horizontally,overlap depend on jaw relationship2,12,0 mm for class I, II, III respectively. Maxillary
posterior teeth are arranged first after occlusal plane
is determined (Posteriorly fall on upper and middle
1/3rd of retromolar pad and anteriorly on canine).
Lower posteriors are directed on crest of ridge. 2 nd
molar is place on molar slope area. lower 2 nd molar is
set 2mm above occlusal plane.
MERITS
A freedom of occlusion from centric to
eccentric position.
The elimination of inclined plane forces
which create horizontal displacement of
the bases during function.
The lack of interference when the
dentures settle.
DEMERITS
Nonanatomic teeth occlude in only two dimensions (length and width), but
mandible has an accurate three-dimentional movement due to its condylar
behavior.
The vertical component present in mastication and nonfunctional
movements is not provided for, so that this form loses shearing efficiency.
Bilateral and protrusive balance is not possible with a purely flat occlusion.
The flat teeth do not function efficiently unless the occlusion surface
provides cutting ridges and generous spillways (sluiceways).
They cannot be corrected by much occlusal grinding without impairing their
efficiency.
Teeth look dull and unnatural which may lead to psychological problems.
With this concept of occlusion, there is no attempt to eliminate deflective
occlusal contacts in lateral or protrusive excursions.
When the nonanatomical teeth are arranged to satisfy the monoplane
occlusal concept, the condylar inclinations on the articular are set at 0
degrees. When the positioning of the maxillary posterior teeth completed,
the occlusal surfaces of them should be flat against the mandibular wax
occlusal rim.
PHYSIOLOGICALLY GENERATED
OCCLUSION
Mehringer J E(1973) developed this
occlusion to harmonize complete denture
occlusion neuromuscular system and Rt and
Lt TMJ.
Procedure:
The complete denture construction is proceeded till jaw
relations and then try-in and processing of only maxillary
denture is done. After it is polished a 200 conical disc is
attached to the palatal region of maxillary denture. The
lower denture base is attached with plexiglass followed by
fabrication of rim with plaster (1/3 talc and 2/3 plaster) and
attaching central bearing device exactly fitting into the
upper conical disc.
Patient is asked to make chewing and swallowing
movements, which created functionally generated paths.
Then apply separating medium to obtain maxillary stone
cast of generated paths.
This type of occlusion uses straight line of points / knife edge contacts on
artificial teeth in one arch against flat non anatomic teeth in opposing arch
thereby decreasing unfavorable forces and simplifying occlusal adjustment.
The main advantages are it decreases lateral forces component , decrease
frictional resistance & no change in contact during eccentric movements so
direction of force is constant.
Different type of posterior teeth combinations can be used: Nonanatomic maxillary porcelain teeth opposing mandibular porcelain lineal
teeth.
Nonanatomic maxillary plastic teeth with mandibular lineal plastic teeth.
Nonanatomic maxillary plastic teeth with mandibular lineal porcelain teeth.
Anatomic maxillary porcelain teeth with mandibular non-anatomic plastic
teeth.
Lower posterior teeth are arranged with buccal cusp centered on crest of
ride, and lingual cusp 0.5mm below occlusal plane. Maxillary posterior teeth
have flat occlusal surface parallel to flat horizontal plane. There is no anterior
teeth overlap.