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Circulation and
Cardiovascular Systems
Transport In Invertebrates
Nutrients
Gas exchange
Removal of wastes
Vertebrates, earthworms,
squids, octopuses
Blood stays confined to
vessels
A heart pumps blood through
arteries to capillaries
Veins return blood to heart
Two-chambered heart
Fish
Pumps blood in a single circuit
Three-chambered
hearts
Four-chambered hearts
Test Yourself
THE HUMAN
CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
Pump blood
To ventricles
Pump blood
To lungs and all other body regions
An electrocardiogram (ECG)
Vascular pathways
1.
2.
Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit
Stroke
Atherosclerosis
Question
Contrast the structure and function
of the right and left ventricles.
Trace the path of blood through the
heart from the vena cavae to the
aorta.
Explain about the pattern that
results from normal cardiac cycle.
What conditions might occur as a
result of Atheroclerosis?
Functions of blood:
1. transport gases, nutrients, waste products,
and hormone throughout the body
2. helps to destroy pathogenic microorganisms
3.distributes antibodies
4.aids in maintaining water balance and pH
5. helps regulate body temperature
6. carries platelets and factors that ensure
clotting and prevent blood loss
Blood
Has 2 main portions: plasma and formed
elements.
Plasma: contains many types of
molecules, including nutrients, wastes,
salts and proteins.
Water: maintain blood volume
Salts: maintain blood osmotic pressure
and pH
Gases: cellular respiration
Nutrients: food for cells
Platlets
Blood clotting
Blood types
ABO system
The presence or absence of type A and
type B antigens on red blood cells
determines a persons blood type.
Blood type
Antigen on
red blood
cells
Antibody in
plasma
Anti-B
Anti-A
AB
A, B
None
None
Rh system
Rh positive or Rh negative
Rh negative individuals normally do not
have antibodies to the Rh factor, but
they may make them when exposed to
the Rh factor.
The designation of blood type includes
whether the person has or does not have
the Rh factor on red blood cell.