Personal

Hygiene
By :
Dr. Yusda Kris Sari
W.

What is it???
Hygiene : Health
Personal hygiene
: the self care
measures people
use to maintain
their health

PURPOSE OF NURSE
PROVIDED HYGIENE
Remove
microorganisms
Do physical
assessment
Increase
circulation
Distal to proximal
Return to heart

Improve self
image
Provide comfort
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HYGIENE includes:
Care of the skin
Care of the feet
and nails
Oral hygiene
Hair care
Care of the eyes,
ears, and nose
Clients room
environment
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1. Care of Skin

SKIN
Regulates body temperature
First line of defense against
harm
Antibacterial and antifungal
Transmits sensations
Signs of problems
Redness
Wet or damp
Not intact
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PATIENTS AT RISK FOR

SKIN PROBLEMS

Altered level of consciousness

Altered nutrition
Immobility
Dehydration
Altered sensation
Secretions on skin
Mechanical devices, restraints
Altered venous circulation
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2. PERINEAL CARE
Professionalism always
Female
Always sterile to contaminated
(urethra to rectum)

Male
Assess for circumcision
If not, cleanse under foreskin and
replace
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3. Care of the feet and

nails

Common Foot & Nail

Problems
Callus (kulit tebal)
Warts (kutil)
Ingrown nails (tdk
tumbuh & nyeri)
Rams horn nails
(tumbuh lambat,
dasar kuku rusak)
Paronychia
(radang jaringan)
Foot odors

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FOOT CARE
Soak feet as part of bath
Clean toes and toenails
Range of motion of legs
Feet of diabetic patients and
patients with vascular disease
are inspected carefully; Never
cut toenails of these patients
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NAIL CARE
Observe circulation; color,
capillary refill time
Observe color, sensation, and
movement (CSM)
Cut nails straight across and file
smooth; Do not go down into
corners
Assess for rings too tight or too
loose
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4. Oral hygiene

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Oral Hygiene
Common oral problems :
Dental caries (radang gigi)
Periodontal diseases (gusi
berdarah atau bengkak)

Nursing Diagnosis :
Altered oral mucous membrane
related to radiation of oral cavity
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MOUTH CARE
Examine with gloves and light,
especially smokers
Use only water soluble lubricants
Unconscious patient has no gag
reflex, position on side for care
Teach about brushing and
flossing

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5. Hair care

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Hair and Scalp

Problems
Dandruf
Pediculosis (Lice)
Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)
Pediculosis Corporis (Body Lice)
Pediculosis Pubis (Crab Lice)

Hair Loss (Alopecia)

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Nursing Interventions

Combing
Shampooing
Cutting
Shaving
Mustache and
beard care

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6. Care of the eyes, ears,

and nose

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EYE CARE

Contact lenses usually removed

Stored in saline liquid; case labeled
Also label and safeguard glasses in drawer
Clean inner to outer canthus
Patient must be able to blink to protect
cornea
Never use cotton near eyes
Treat each eye separately
Eyes considered sterile
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EARS
Allow nothing sharp in ears
Hearing aids now miniscule in
size dont lose! Label case
Cerumen in ears may need
softening and removing
Speak directly to patients
face
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Continue

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Any Questions ???

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