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Social Psychology by
Tom Gilovich, Dacher
Keltner, and Richard
Nisbett
Aggression
Hostile aggression - behavior intended to harm another,
either physically or psychologically, and motivated by
feelings of anger and hostility
Instrumental aggression - behavior intended to harm
another in the service of motives other than pure
hostility (for example, to attract attention, acquire
wealth, and to advance political and ideological
causes)
Personal Determinants
Frustration
Provocation
Exposure to aggressive models
Cues associated with aggression
Causes of discomfort/negative affect
Arousal
High irritability
Beliefs about aggression
Proaggression values
Type A behavior pattern
Hostile attribution bias
Affective
States
Aggression
Aggressive
Cognitions
Personal Determinants
Type
A behavior pattern
Hostile
attributional style
Narcissism
Gender
Next
(inflated self-esteem)
Personal Determinants
Biological
Neural Influences
Genetic Influences
Blood Chemistry
high
Social Determinants
frustration
direct
heightened
Frustration-Aggression Theory
Direct
Outward
aggression
Instigation
to aggress
Indirect
Frustration
(Goal)
Inward aggression
(e.g., suicide)
Back
Meeting your
future in-laws
Back
Heightened
arousal
Residual
arousal
Aggression
is increased
Frustration
(delay at gate)
Arousal and
irritation are
attributed
mainly to
meeting the
parents
Aggression is
not increased
Situational Determinants
high
temperatures
Situational Determinants
alcohol
intoxicated participants
behave more
aggressively and
respond to provocations
more strongly
low aggressors became
more aggressive when
intoxicated, whereas high
aggressors did not
Situational Determinants
Media
Controlling Aggression
Catharsis
Punishment
Exposure
to nonaggressive models
Teach
social skills
better communication
Induce
interventions
incompatible responses
humor
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