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Advantages of electrochemical
method:
1-Short time needed for analysis.
2- It is suitable for determination of
Electrochemical Methods of
Analysis
When a piece of metal is immersed in a
solution of its own ions:
a potential difference will be created
at interface of metal and solution.
Magnitude of potential difference is
the measure of the tendency of an
element or ion to undergo an oxidation
or reduction,
i.e. to lose or gain electrons.
Electrochemical Methods of
Analysis
The element-ion, M and M2+
combination is a half- cell,
The reaction is a half reaction,
The immersed metal is an electrode,
and the
Potential due to the reaction at the
interface of electrode and the solution
is the electrode potential.
An electrode, which in the figure are the plates of zinc (Zn) and
copper (Cu).
M2+ + 2e
M
Electrochemical cells:
An electrochemical cell consists of
two conductors called electrodes
each of which is immersed in an
electrolyte solution.
Ag+ + e- Ag(s)
Fe3+ + e- Fe2+
Cu(s)
Cu2+ + 2e
2ClCl2(g) + 2e
Fe2 +
Fe3 + + e-
Galvanic cell
Electrolytic cell
-Electrical energy is used
to force
non-spontaneous
reaction occur.
.
- Direction of current is
Electrolytic cell
Electrolytic cell
Galvanic cell
Electrolytic cell:
- electrical energy is used to
force nonspontaneous
chemical reaction occur.
-direction of the current is
reversed