T-TEST

Cabral, Martha
Barreras, Gladys
Castro, Elanie
Delmar, Fatima

What is a T-Test?
Used to test hypothesis
about means when the
population variance is
unknown.
Used when n<30
Introduced in 1908 by
William Gosset to
monitor the quality of

Variances of T-Test
Single
sample/comparison
between population
mean & sample mean
Independent samples
Dependents sample/two
correlated means

Uses of T-test
article

hypothesis

statistical
tools/treatment

summary of the
findings

teps in Hypothesis Testin

1. Formulate the two hypothesis: Ho
& HA
2. Select the level of significance &
tailed test: one-tailed test or twotailed test?
3. Determine the test statistic
4. Compute for the acceptance
region/value of statistic
5. Compute for the rejection region:
degree of freedom & critical value
6. Formulate your findings and

Single Sample T-Test

sample
mean

population
mean

standard
deviation

sample size

ingle Sample T-Test Example

For many semesters, Professor
Snape has recorded his students
grades are 83. His current class of 28
students seems to be better than
average in ability and she wants to
show that according to their average
the current class is superior than
the previous classes. Do the class
mean of 86.2 and standard deviation
of 12, present sufficient evidence to
support her claim that the current
class is superior? Use 5% level of

ingle Sample T-Test Example

The average family size in

the Philippines was reported
as 4.25. A random of families
in a particular street resulted
in the following family sizes:
5, 6, 7, 4, 3, 8, 2 and 9. At
0.10 significance level, does
the average family size more
than the national average?

ndependent Sample T-Tes

means
variances

sample
sizes

ndependent Sample T-Test Example

A college graduate is trying to decide
whether to pursue a Masters Degree
or not. He will only do so if he is
convinced that Masters degree
holders loan more than college
graduates. The yearly salaries were
P170, 000 and P126, 000
respectively with corresponding
standard deviations of P6, 000 and
P5, 400. Using 10% significance
level, should he pursue a higher

ndependent Sample T-Test Example

Previous midterm examination in Statistics
showed an average score obtained by
students in section A and B are the same.
The department chair randomly selects
two sections of statistics classes to record
the Sections
performance
students.
No. of of theMeans
Variances
students
A

15

85.2

10.40

14

86.1

20.99

Is there an evidence to say by the

department chair that the scores in
Section A & B are the same? Use 5%

Dependent Sample T-Test

mean
difference

standard
deviation
of
differenc
es

sample

Dependent Sample T-Test Example

The following data are the score of
the students in the pre-test and posttest in statistics. Can we say that the
students understand most of the
topics in statistics at 5% level of
significance?
Observations
Pre-test 6 7 5 5 4 9 2 2 3 6
Post-test 9 11 8 5 6 3 7 9 10 9

Dependent Sample T-Test Example

It is of interest to compare the scores
of 10 players in archery. Thus, at 5%
level of significance, we can say that
there is a positive difference
between the scores of the students
between post-test and pre-test in
Statistics.
Game
Players Scores
Number
1
2

77 84 73 65 92 49 58 67 85
96
102 85 70 79 84 57 69 82