EDP LEARNINGS AND

IMPLEMENTATION

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Palanisamy
Aditya
Sushma
Venkatkumar
Kathiravan
Tajinder

31st Oct 2015

ECONOMICS

The science that deals with the production, distribution, and

consumption
of goods and services, or the materials

Systematic allocation of resources is covered under the

economics.

These terms can be directly used for the projects.

TYPES OF ECONOMICS:
There are two main types of economics,
Microeconomics

Microeconomics focuses on the actions of individuals and

industries (we can consider it in our every departments of the
project (like Execution, Store, P&M, T&C etc.)
Macroeconomics

A study of economics which describe all aspects of a

countrys economy. Here we can consider our companys
country level operations.

DEMAND & SUPPLY

Demand & Supply:

Supply refers to the amount of goods a market can produce,

while demand refers to the amount of goods consumers are
willing to buy.
Price determination:

It can be done based on the requirements of demand and

supply, which we can use it in supply chain management of
our projects.

BUSINESS LAW

CONTRACTS

DEFINITIONS
CONTRACT
Section 2(h) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 states that an agreement enforceable
by law is contract. This definition gives us two ingredientsan agreement and
enforceable by law.
AGREEMENT
An Agreement means a promise and a reciprocal set of promises forming
consideration for each other.
Section 2(e) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 states that All Contracts are
Agreements but all Agreements are not Contracts.

CONTRACT = Agreement + Enforceable by law

The Indian Contract Act-1
872.pdf

PROMISE
Section 2(b) of the Contract Act, a proposal when accepted becomes a promise.
PROPOSAL
Section 2(a) states that when one person signifies another person his willingness to
do or abstain from doing anything with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to
such an act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal. A Proposal is also known
as an offer.
Characteristics Of An Agreement:

Plurality Of
Persons

Consensus
ad-idem

PARTIES TO AN AGREEMENT / CONTRACT

PROMISOR
a person making a
Proposal/Offer

PROMISEE
a person accepting a
Proposal/Offer

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF VALID CONTRACTS

Offer and Acceptance

Intention to create legal relations
Lawful consideration
Capacity of parties
Free consent
Lawful object
Writing and Registration
Certainty
Possibility Of Performance
Not Expressly declared void

TYPES OF CONTRACTS
On the Basis of the
Mode of Formation

On the Basis of
Performance

On the Basis of Validity

or Enforceability

Express contract

Executed contract

Valid contract

Implied contract

Executory contract

Void contract

Quasi-contract

Unilateral contract

Voidable contract

Bilateral contract

Illegal agreement
Unenforceable contract

P.O.S.D.C

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS

Step 1: Problem
Step 2: Identify the Protagonists
Step 3: Determine the parameters
Step 4: Make relevant assumptions
Step 5: Arrive at varied possible assumptions
Step 6: Analyze all varied possible assumptions
Step 7: Chose the most likely possible solution
Step 8: Identify the alternative solutions
Step 9: Contingency Planning

HOW TO BE A GOOD
COMMUNICATOR
L. L. C Policy
4 Pillars of Communication Skills
Body Language P.E.O.P.L.E
P Posture & Gesture
E Eye Contact
O Orientation
P Proximity
L Looks & Appearance
E Expression of Emotions

KEY
LEARNINGS
Always Believe in yourself
Passion
Delegate but Responsibility & Accountability rests with you.
Never mess with people with Lower Designations/ Lower Profiles Huge EGO
Praise publicly, Reprimand Privately
Main Hoon Naa
Take Pride in your self
Kill with Kindness
Agree to Disagree
There are no permanent enemies nor friends
If you have a doubt - ASK

FINANCE FOR EXECUTIVES

FINANCE STATUS SHEET

Generally FINANCE STATUS SHEET will show
how the corporation obtains funds and how it
uses them and also it will show the growth of
the Company/ Partner / Sole Business.
What are the finance status sheets?
A)
B)

Balance sheet
Profit and Loss Sheet.

17

BUSINESS STRUCTURES
Business

Proprietary

Private Ltd.

Company

Partnership

Public Ltd.

18

A TYPICAL BALANCE
SHEET
Liabilities /
Sources of
funds

Amount

Assets /
Application of
Funds

Share Capital
Loan funds
Current
liabilities &
Provisions
Total

Fixed Assets
Investments
Current Assets
Total

Amount

A TYPICAL PROFIT AND LOSS SHEET

Amount
Sales

xxxxxx.xx

Costs of Goods Sold xxxxxx.xx

Gross Profit

xxxxxx.xx

Operating expense

xxxxxx.xx

EBIT
Interest xxxxxx.xx
EBT xxxxxx.xx
Income Taxes

xxxxxx.xx

Special Income/Charges xxxxxx.xx

Net Income (EAT) xxxxxx.xx
20

What is the use of Balance Sheets and Profit Loss sheets for
normal person?
A)To buy shares.
B) To start business with other company.
C) To join in other company as employee.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Project Management is the discipline of carefully projecting or

planning, organizing, motivating and controlling recourse to
achieve specific and success criteria

MAJOR ACTIVITIES IN
PROJECT MANAGEMENTS
INITIATING
PLANNING
EXECUTING
MONITORING AND CONTROLLING
CLOSING

SWOT
SWOT analysis is a framework for identifying and analyzing the
internal and external factors that can have an impact on the viability of
a project, product, place or person.

MARKETING

CUSTOMER VALUE
VALUE = BENEFITS COST

CUSTOMERS BUY WHAT THEY `VALUE

MARKETING IS DISCOVERING, CREATING, COMMUNICATING,
DELIVERING VALUE TO A TARGET MARKET AT A PROFIT

SEGMENTAION
TARGETING
POSITIONING

WAYS TO GROW BUSINESS

ACQUIRE NEW ACCOUNTS
GROW EXISTING ACCOUNTS