DRAWING

Describes an object without having much

vocabulary.

MACHINE
Motion
converter

MACHINE DRAWING
Explains the shape, size of a machine component/
machine assembly.

Standardization

To make drawings universally acceptable.

ANSI
ASME
BS
ISO
BIS
BIS Bureau of Indian Standards. (Latest SP
46:2003)

Drawing sheet size

Designation

Size (L X W) in mm

A0

1189 X 841

A1

841 X 594

A2

594 X 420

A3

420 X 297

A4

297 X 210

Center
mark

Grid reference

Drawing space

Frame

Center
marks
are Frame
used to position a drawing when
Border
and
reproduced.
Grid reference helps in easy location of drawing

Drawing Instruments

Drawing pin
Drawing clipUsed for fixing drawing sheet
Adhesive tape
Drawing Board
Pencils
Sharpener
Eraser
Ink pens
Drafter
Set squares
Protractor
French curves
Instrument box
Scales

Methods of Drawing

1) Pictorial representation
a) Isometric
b) Perspective
c) Oblique

2) Orthographic projection

Orthographic projection is
used in
engineering drawing

Various drawings

Part drawings
Production drawings
Assembly drawings
Sub assembly drawings
Exploded drawings

Part drawing
Drawings with complete
dimensions.

Production drawing
Gives complete production details. In addition to
dimensions, tolerances are specified.

Assembly drawing

Shows the position of each part with respect to

each other.

Sub assembly drawing

Big machines may have sub assemblies

Exploded drawing

Represent the pictorial view of each component of

an assembly.

Installation drawings

Supplied by the manufacturer to the client for

installation purpose.

Tabular drawings

Used for standard components like washer, bolt, nut, etc..

Lines used in drawings

Continuous thick line
Continuous thin line
Dashed line
Centre line
Section line

Lettering
Guide lines are used for lettering. (Top and base lines)
h

For small letters waist lines are used (at h/3).

Four lines (waist and drop) are used letters like j, g, q,

Size of letters

Titles 10 to 15 mm
Short notes 5 to 8 mm
Long notes 3 to 4 mm

Spacing between lines

0.5h to 1.5h
1h gives better appearance

Line thickness of letters

Bold face 0.13h to 0.16h
Medium face 0.08h to 0.12h
Light face 0.05h to 0.07h

Basic dimensioning
Dimension provides the size of the component.
Dimension without tolerance is Basic dimension.
Classification of dimensions
Functional essential for the function of the object.
Non functional
Auxiliary marked for information only.

Elements of dimensioning

Extension line
Leader line
Dimension line
Arrows
Dimensional values

Various dimensioning

Various dimensioning contd..

Various dimensioning contd..

Various dimensioning contd..

Various dimensioning contd..

Dimensioning curves

Various dimensioning contd..

Method of drawing
Orthographic projection is used.
True shape and size is visible in orthographic projection
when the object is parallel to the plane of projection.
First angle method is used.
Sectional views are used to show the inner details of
an object.