National Conference on

Energy & Environment

Optimisation of Design &

Technology for Sewage
Treatment
by

Vinita Dhupkar

21st February, 2014

Water Stress
Sewage Generation & Treatment
Sewage Treatment Technology Options
Overview of Technologies
Technology Comparison & Assessment
Technology Selection
Way Forward

Yesterday

: Water Pollution

Today

: Water Stress

Tomorrow

: Water Scarcity

Growing Population
Increasing Urbanisation
Insufficient Infrastructure
Over Extraction of Ground water
Poor Treatment & Maintenance
Increasing Gap between Demand & Supply

Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of

STPs, 2013

Metropolitan
Cities

Class

Class

Cities

Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of

STPs, 2013

Cities

II

Option 1 :
Option 2 :

ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS (ASP/ EA)

MOVING BED BIO REACTOR (MBBR) / FIXED
AERATED BIOREACTOR (FAB)

Option 3 :

SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR)

Option 4 :

MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR (MBR)

Option 5 :

UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET

(UASB) REACTOR

Option 6 :

TRICKING FILTER (TF)

AT-SC-CHL

RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE
PUMPING
STATION

INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS

FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

PC-AT-SC-CHL
RAW
SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

PRIMARY CLARIFIER

GRIT
REMOVAL

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE THICKNER
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
FILTRATE TO AT

SLUDGE STABILISATION

MBBR-SC-CHL
RAW
SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
AERATION TANK (MBBR)
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS

FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

FAB-SC-CHL
RAW
SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION

AERATION TANK (FAB)

SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS

FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

DIFFUSERS

SBR-CHL
RAW
SEWAGE

DECANTER

SCREENING
GRIT

INLET
CHAMBER

GRIT REMOVAL

SBR - 1
BLOWER

SBR - 2
BLOWER

RETURN SLUDGE
SURPLUS SLUDGE

CHLORINE

SLUDGE

CENTRIFUGE
(SLUDGE DEWATERING)

PUMP

SLUDGE
SUMP

TREATED
WATER TO
DIPSOSAL

CHLORINE CONTACT TANK

SBR

MBR-CHL
RAW
SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
MBR TANK

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS

FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

MBR

UASB-AT-SCCHL
ELECTRICI
TY

RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

UASB

GAS
ENGINE

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION

GAS HOLDER
AERATION TANK / FACULTATIVE LAGOON
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE THICKNER
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
FILTRATE TO AT

TF-AT-SC-CHL

RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE
INLET
CHAMBER

SCREENIN
G

GRIT

GRIT
REMOVAL

TRICKLING FILTER

CHLORINE

TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION

AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER

SLUDGE THICKNER
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
FILTRATE TO AT

Treated Sewage Parameters

Technology Assessment for Sewage Treatment

Criteria
OP
Quality of Treated Effleunt
Nutrient Removal potential
Low Land Requirement potential
Low Capital Cost potential
Low Power Requirement Potential
Electricity generation potential
Low O & M Skills Potential

ASP

MBBR

UASB TF +
MBR +ASP ASP

SBR

Mediu
m

Very
High

Low

High

Objective
4

Recycle
Reuse

UASB
SBR

Objective
3

Reduce
Operatio
n
Cost

SBR
MBR
MBBR

Objective
2

Reduce
Space

UASB
ASP
MBBR

Objective
1

Reduce
Capital
Cost

SBR
MBR

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

Technology Options
UP, Delhi

Treatment &
energy
production

Maharashtra
Gujarat
AP, Karnataka

Treatment &
Reuse

Domestic
Wastewater
Technologies

Chennai
Kerala

Treatment &
Recycle /
Reuse
(Desalination)

 Recycle / Reuse
Techno-economically viable technologies
Improvement in O&M
Reduction in Operational Cost by Innovations
Stringent Policies & Implementation by Govt.
Promotion of PPP Models

Yesterday

: Water Pollution

Today

: Water Stress

Tomorrow

: Water Scarcity

Day After Tomorrow

: Water War

Do not let the

well dry,
to learn the worth
of Water !

Thank You !
Vinita Dhupkar