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FLUID MOVERS

Mechanical devices move liquid from one point to


another point by doing work.

Fans < 0.07 bar (gage) and Compressors >2.5 bar.

FLUID MOVERS
Power required = Fluid mass flow rate specific work
Power = Wm (Watts)
Dynamic fluid mover:
Energy is continuously added to a flowing fluid with the
help of a rotor having blades by dynamic action (the
fluid is accelerated).
Ex: Ceiling fan
Positive displacement fluid mover:
The fluid is drawn into a working space through a
suction valve/port and then pushed or moved out
through a delivery valve/port.
There is a cyclic energy transfer.
Ex: Cycle pump.

PUMPS
These are mechanical devices that move liquids
(water, oil, etc.) from one place to another place.
Pressure, velocity or P.E of the liquid is increased.

H Total difference in level of water (total head = Hs +


Hd)
3

PUMPS

Mass flow rate, m = .Q (kg/s)


P.E. change of fluid = mgH = gQH
Power required for the motor to dive a pump of
efficiency,:
P = (Watts)
The
rotodynamic
(centrifugal)
and
the
positive
displacement (reciprocating) are the two common types of
pumps.

Monoblock pump Submersible pump (multistage centrifugal pump)

HEAD Vs DISCHARGE
Discharge decreases with increase in head.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Very simple design
Two main parts are the impeller and the diffuser
Impellers:
- Bronze
- poly carbonate
- cast iron
- stainless steel

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
The pump has a rotor with number of blades (vanes).
The rotor rotates inside a spiral casing with the help of a
motor.
The casing is connected to the suction pipe which draws
water from the sump.
The casing is also connected to the delivery pipe which
takes the water to the over head tank.
PRIMING
The suction pipe and the pump casing must be filled
with water before starting.
Any air in the pump is vented out.

SUCTION HEAD LIMITATION


The suction head should not exceed 10 m of
water column (head).
To overcome this problem in bore wells, special
pumps called deep well pumps are used.
Submersible pumps, Turbine pumps, Jet pumps
and compressor pumps are the common deep
well pumps.
Submersible pump is a multistage centrifugal
pump.
Due to high rotational speed, there is a large
conversion of K.E. into pressure energy.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
ADVANTAGES:
- Very efficient
- Produce smooth and even flow
- Reliable with good service life

DISADVANTAGES

- Loss of priming easily


- Efficiency depends upon operating design head
& speed.

PROBLEM

A pump develops a head of 10 m of water column. The


discharge is 600 liters/min. Determine the motor power
if the pump efficiency is 50% and the fluid is water.
Answer: P = = 1.96 kW

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