MODULE 1

FU N D A M EN TA LS O F P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T

O V ER V IEW O F P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Discuss the fundamental concepts of project
and project management
Explain the importance of project management
Determine the historical background of project
management
Trace the evolution of project management, and
Explain the importance of project management
in managing ICT works

K EY W O R D S A N D P H R A S ES
PROJECT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE(PMI)
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY(ICT)
ICT PROJECTS
SCOPE
COST
QUALITY
SCHEDULE
PEOPLE
PROCESS
TECHNOLOGY

D EFIN ITIO N O F TER M S :

PROJECT

Is a set of related tasks/activities with a beginning and an end,

undertaken by people to meet established goals within defined
constraints of time, resources, and quality.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Is the systematic planning, organizing, and controlling of allocated

resources to accomplish project cost, time and performance
objectives

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY(ICT)

Encompasses all forms of computing systems,

telecommunications, and other data-processing and transmitting
equipment and software.

ICT PROJECTS

Are activities which involve the use of technology or ICT to

develop new or upgraded systems or services

IN TR O D U C TIO N
Project Management is becoming the top career

choice for many highly talented professionals.

What can be more satisfying than managing and delivering

project that creates value and profit?

Project Management is a discipline separate from

general management.
It

is about people, process and technology working

together in a powerful union to do things efficiently and
effectively towards a successful implementation of projects
and the realization of goals and objectives.

B A S IC C O N C EP TS O F
P R O JEC T M A N A G EM EN T

PROJECT

The project goals and objectives define the target

status or output to be achieved at the end of the

project
They are critical in the implementation of the project
They should be formulated and defined using the S-MA-R-T criteria

S-pecific
M-easurable
A-chievable
R-ealistic
T-ime-bound

B A S IC C O N C EP TS O F P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T
The PROJECT MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE (PMI), a

professional organization of a project managers,

defines project as a temporary endeavour
undertaken to produce a unique product, service or
result (PMBOK, 2004)
Temporary means that a project

is done only once

and has definite starting and ending points(time), a
budget(cost), a clearly defined scope of work to be
done(scope), and specific performance requirements
that must be met(objectives)
Unique means that the product or service is different
in some distinguishing way from all other products or

B A S IC C O N C EP TS O F
P R O JEC T M A N A G EM EN T

The PROJECT MANAGEMENT BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE

(PMBOK), is an inclusive term that describes the sum of
knowledge within the profession of project management
the primary purpose of PMBOK is to identify and describe
what is GENERALLY ACCEPTED
Means that the knowledge and practices defined are
applicable to most projects most of the time, and that
there is a widespread consensus about their value and
usefulness.

B A S IC C O N C EP TS O F P R O JEC T

M A N A G EM EN T

Dr. J.M. Juran, a project management quality guro, defines

project as a problem scheduled for solution.

Projects are conducted to solve a particular problem
Jeff Crump (2004) states that a project begins because a
problem creates a need for it. In order to solve the problem or
fulfil the need, you have to formulate a measurable goal
A project is a strategy to meet the goal

The P hases of a P roject

Definition involves
defining the
problem,
developing a vision,
and writing the
mission statement

CONCEPT

Projects always start

with a fuzzy
concept and the
project team has to
define the job before
doing any work

DEFINITION

Execution refers to the

implementation or doing
of the actual work for the
project
It also monitors the
progress of the project
based on what it planned

PLANNING
EXECUTION
CLOSEOUT

PROJECT-LIFE-CYCLE , JAMES LEWIS

(2007)

Planning involves
crafting strategies to
implement the
project and
identifying its
logistical
requirements

Close out deals with

the review of the
project after all works
have been completed

Steps in M anaging a P roject

Define the problem
Develop solution
options
Plan the project

Execute the plan

Monitor and
control the
progress
Close the
project

IN TR O D U C TIO N TO P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T
DEFINITION
Richard Murch (2001) defines project management as

a continuing set of process-improvement initiatives. It

is the discipline of planning, organizing, monitoring,
and managing resources efficiently for the successful
completion of project goals and objectives.
Project management is the application of knowledge,
skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to
meet project requirements. (PMBOK)
It is sometimes called the approach used to describe
an organizational approach to the management of
ongoing operations

IN TR O D U C TIO N TO P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T

According to Chatfield, Carl (2007), the primary challenge of

project management is to achieve all the project goals and

objectives while adhering to classic project constraints(scope,
quality, time and budget). The secondary challenge is to
optimize the allocation and integration of input resources
necessary to achieve predefined project goals and objectives.
These resources include money, people, materials, tools,
energy, space, communications, provisions, motivations,
among others

IN TR O D U C TIO N TO P R O JEC T
M A N A G EM EN T
DEFINITION
Lewis (2006) , restates the definition of project

management as defined in the PMBOK 2004 as

an an application of knowledge, skills, tools,
and techniques to project activities to achieve
project requirements.
Project management is accomplished through
the application and integration of the project
management processes of initiating, planning,
executing, monitoring and controlling and
closing.
People who should do it, should help plan it

K ey C om p on en ts of P roject
M an ag em en t
The key components of project management which

remain constant despite the fast evolution of tools

and methods are:
People
Process, and
Technology

These three components have to work together in a

powerful union to do things better, faster, and more

efficiently.

The Project M anagem ent Triangle

SCOPE

QUALITY

COST

SCHEDUL
E

TEN C O M M A N D M EN TS O F
P R O JEC T M A N A G EM EN T
1. Set a clear project goal
2. Determine the project objectives(sub-goals)
3. Establish checkpoints (milestones), activities,

relationships(how tasks are interrelated), and time estimates

4. Draw a picture of the project schedule
5. Direct people individually and as a project team
6. Reinforce commitment(walk the talk) and excitement of the

project team.
7. Keep everyone connected with the project informed.
8. Build agreements that encourage team work
9. Empower yourself and others in the project team
10.Encourage risk taking and creativity but manage them closely