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REPORT OUTLINE
DEFINITION
Judicial power includes the duty of
courts of justice to settle actual
controversies involving rights which are
legally demandable and enforceable, and
to determine whether or not there has
been a grave abuse of discretion
amounting to lack or excess of
jurisdiction on the part of any branch or
instrumentality of the government.
(Sec.1 of Art. VIII)
LOWER COURTS
LOWER COURTS
FIRST LEVEL COURTS
SECOND LEVEL COURTS
SPECIAL COURTS
SPECIAL COURTS
A. Sharia Courts
- Special Courts created by Section 137
of PD 1083 or the Code of Muslim
Personal Laws
a. Sharia District Courts (SDCs)
equivalent to the regional trial courts in
rank, which were established in specified
provinces in Mindanao where the Muslim
Code on Personal Laws is being enforced.
SPECIAL COURTS
B. Court of Tax Appeals
- Special court vested with the
exclusive appellate jurisdiction over
appeals from the decisions of the
Commissioner of Internal Revenue
and the Commissioner of Customs on
certain specific issues
- Composed of a Presiding Judge
and two Associate Justices
SPECIAL COURTS
C. Sandiganbayan
- Has exclusive jurisdiction over violations of
Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act (RA
3019), the Unexplained Wealth Act (RA 1379)
and other crimes of felonies committed by
public officials and employees in relation to
their office, including those in government
owned and controlled corporations
- Composed of a Presiding Judge and Eight
Associate Justices
SPECIAL COURTS
D. Court of Appeals
- Vested with jurisdiction over
appeals from the decisions of the
Regional Trial Courts and certain
quasi judicial agencies, boards or
commissions
- Composed of one Presiding
Justice and 68 Associate Justices
SC COMPOSITION
Composed of a Chief Justice and 14
Associate Justices, who are appointed
by the President, based on the list of
nominees presented by the Judicial
and Bar Council (pursuant to
provisions of 1987 Constitution)
TERM OF OFFICE.
- Members of the Sc have no fixed
term of office
- Members can only be removed
from office through impeachment
QUALIFICATIONS.
To be appointed to the SC, one must meet the
following requirements:
1. A natural born citizen of the Philippines
2. At least 40 years old at the time of appointment
3. Must have been for 15 years or more a judge of
lower court or engaged in the preactice of law in
the country
4. Must be a person of proven competence,
integrity, probity and independence
PROHIBITION.
the Justices of the Supreme Court
and members of other courts
established by law shall not be
designated to any agency performing
quasi judicial or administrative
functions.
SC FUNCTIONS
The functions of the Supreme Court
are divided into two categories:
ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
JUDICIAL FUNCTIONS
QUASI COURTS OR
QUASI JUDICIAL
AGENCIES
National Electrification
Administration
Energy Regulatory Board
Agricultural Inventions Board
Board of Investments
OTHER JUDICIAL
PROCEDURES
PD No. 1508
Katarungang Pambarangay Law
Established a system of amicably
settling disputes at the barangay
level
Aims to promote the speedy
disposition and administration of
justice by easing the congestion of
court dockets
RA No. 9285
Institutionalized the use of an
alternative dispute resolution to
promote the speedy and impartial
administration of justice and unclog
the court dockets.
Alternative dispute resolution modes
cover the following: mediation,
conciliation, arbitration and any
combination thereof.