ACNE

NOOR HASBIL HAKIM

03011216

Definition

Acne is a skin condition that occurs when your hair

follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin
cells. Acne most commonly appears on your face,
neck, chest, back and shoulders. Acne can be
distressing and annoyingly persistent. Acne lesions
heal slowly, and when one begins to resolve, others
seem to crop up.
Depending on its severity, acne can cause
emotional distress and lead to scarring of the skin.
The good news is that effective treatments are
available and the earlier treatment is started, the
lower your risk of lasting physical and emotional
damage.

Etiologi

Epidimiology

Age
Teenagers
Sex
Women and girls, two to seven days
before their periods
Pregnant women
Drug
People using certain medications,
including those containing corticosteroids,
androgens or lithium

pathology

Three factors contribute to the

formation of acne:
Overproduction of oil (sebum)
Irregular shedding of dead skin cells
resulting in irritation of the hair follicles of
your skin
Buildup of bacteria

Hormonal changes in your body can provoke or aggravate acne. Such

changes are common in:
Teenagers
Women and girls, two to seven days before their periods
Pregnant women
People using certain medications, including those containing
corticosteroids, androgens or lithium
Other risk factors include:
Direct skin contact with greasy or oily substances, or to certain
cosmetics applied directly to the skin
A family history of acne if your parents had acne, you're likely to
develop it, too
Friction or pressure on your skin caused by various items, such as
telephones or cellphones, helmets, tight collars and backpacks
Stress doesn't cause acne, but if you have acne already, stress may
make it worse

Symtomatology

Noninflammatory lesions

Comedones (whiteheads and blackheads)

Inflammatory lesions
Papules
Pustules (pimples)
Nodules
Cysts

Common Acne

Cyst Acne

DIAGNOSIS

Inspection

Treatment

Over-the-counter topical treatments

Topical treatments available by
prescription
Antibiotics
Isotretinoin

Acne scar treatment

Doctors may be able to use certain procedures to diminish scars left by acne. These include fillers,
dermabrasion, intense light therapy and laser resurfacing.
Soft tissue fillers.Collagen or fat can be injected under the skin and into scars to fill out or stretch the
skin, making the scars less noticeable. Results from this acne scar treatment are temporary, so you
need to repeat the injections periodically.
Chemical peels.High-potency acid is applied to your skin to remove the top layer and minimize
deeper scars. Some stronger peels reach even deeper into the skin.
Dermabrasion.Usually reserved for more severe scarring, dermabrasion involves removing the top
layer of skin with a rapidly rotating wire brush. Surface scars may be completely removed, and deeper
acne scars may appear less noticeable. Dermabrasion may cause pigmentation changes for people with
darker skin.
Microdermabrasion.This newer acne scar treatment involves a hand-held device that blows crystals
onto skin. These crystals gently abrade or "polish" the skin's surface. Then, a vacuum tube removes the
crystals and skin cells. Because just the surface cells are removed, the skin isn't damaged. However,
results are subtle and scars may still be noticeable, even after several sessions.
Laser, light source and radiofrequency treatments.In laser resurfacing, a laser beam destroys the
outer layer of skin (epidermis) and heats the underlying skin (dermis). As the wound heals, new skin
forms. Less intense lasers (nonablative lasers), pulsed light sources and radiofrequency devices don't
injure the epidermis. These treatments heat the dermis and cause new skin formation. After several
treatments, acne scars may appear less noticeable. This means shorter recovery times, but treatment
typically needs to be repeated more often and results are subtle.
Skin surgery.A minor procedure (punch excision) cuts out individual acne scars. Stitches or a skin
graft repairs the hole left at the scar site.

Conclution

AcneVulgarisisachronicinflamationofthepiloseba
ceousfollicles,whichseeminthepresenceareaofbl
ackheads,papules,pustulesandcystonthepredilect
ionarea.AcneVulgarisoftenoccursinadolescentca
usingdepressionsyndrome.Thepurposeofthisstud
yistodeterminetherelationshipbeetwenacnevulga
ris with depression syndrome. This study was done
analitically using
crosssectionaldesignfromOctober2012toDecemb
er2012.Theresultofthisstudyresearch shows the
relationships between acne vulgaris with depression
syndrome(p<0,05). The proper management of acne
vulgaris is necessary to obtain the optimalresults.

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