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MANUFACTURING SCHEDULING

Unit - 3
Management

Supply Chain

MANUFACTURING SCHEDULING

Manufacturing scheduling is the management and

allocation of resources, events and processes to
create goods and services. A business adjusts its
production schedule based on the availability of
resources, client orders and efficiencies. The goal of
manufacturing scheduling is to balance client needs
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PRODUCTION/
manufacturing flow
SYSTEMS

PRODUCTION
A production process consists of activities
that are required in transforming an input
set

(human

resources,

raw

energy,

money,information,

valuable

outputs

processors.

with

the

materials,
etc.)
help

to
of
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Production system
A

production system converts inputs into

outputs with the help of processors
A generalised production system can be
represented as:

INPUT

PROCESSOR

OUTPUT
(goods/services)

Types of production systems

Classification

on the basis of output

Three bases considered1. Variety
2. Uniformity
3. Volume per output type
o. Two types a)continuous
b)intermittent
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LOW

HIGH
VARIETY
CONTINUOUS

FLOW
PRODUCTION

INTERMITTENT

MASS
PRODUCTION

BATCH
PRODUCTION

HIGH

JOB
ORDER

PROJECTS

LOW
UNIFORMITY

HIGH

LOW
VPOT

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONTINUOUS AND

INTERMITTENT SYSTEMS
ON

THE BASIS OF MACHINERY

CONTINUOUS

INTERMITTENT

1.Specific machinery

1.Generalised machinery

2.Permanent machine setup

2.Frequent changes in machine

setup

3.Duplication of machines

3.Less machines required

ON

THE BASIS OF MATERIAL

HANDLING AND LABOUR USE

CONTINUOUS

INTERMITTENT

1.Unskilled as well as small

team of specialised labour
force

1.Highly skilled labour force

2.Mechanized material
handling

2.Not feasible to employ

mechanized handling

3.Material handling cost is less 3.Material handling cost is

higher
4.Investment in inventory is
higher

4.Need for inventory is

minimised
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ON

THE BASIS OF OUTPUT

PRODUCED-

CONTINUOUS

INTERMITTENT

1.Few standard products in

large quantities

1.Wide range of products in

small quantities

2.Output on the basis of

anticipation of demand

2.Output according to order

received

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DIFFERENCES

ON THE BASIS OF
MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL
EMPLOYED

CONTINUOUS

INTERMITTENT

1.Absence of maintennce may 1.No danger of stoppage of

interrupt whole process
whole line

2.Controlling is simpler

2.Controlling is complex

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Types of Production
Systems
1. Flow
Process

2.Intermittent
Production

A. Mass
Production

A. Job Production

B. Assembly
production

B. Project
Production
C. Batch Production
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TYPES OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION

SYSTEM
1.FLOW TYPE
Output

cannot be segregated into different units

High degree of uniformity
Output cannot be measured directly
Example-power plant

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2.MASS PRODUCTION
Straight line flow of materials
Output of one stage normally becomes input
for another
Output visible in form of identical units
Standardised output produced in large
quantities
PROBLEMS
1.
2.
3.
.

Balancing of production lines

Machine maintenance
Raw materials supply
Example sugar production

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Types of intermittent production systems

1.BATCH PRODUCTION SYSTEM Variety

of products are made in small quantities

Various

products compete for share of machines

Outputs

are aggregated in form of batches

Batches

may comprise of similar or dissimilar outputs

PROBLEMS
1.

Machine-job allocation problem

2.

Determination of economic batch quantity

3.

Scheduling and sequencing of operations

Example electrical goods

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2.JOB-ORDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Does not has its own standard product but

accepts whatever customer orders come in

Output identifiable in terms of specific job order

Material flow is very complex

PROBLEMS

1.

Determination of the sequence of processing

Example tailor shop

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3.PROJECT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Project is a temporary endeavour having a
defined beginning and end ;undertaken to
meet unique goals and objectives
Project is non repetitive
This type of production system uses resources
on different projects
Product remains fixed and manpower and
facilities put work on it
PERT/CPM can be used for planning and control
in this case
Example- Ship production
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