The Communication Process

The sender has an idea

The idea becomes a message
The message is transmitted
The receiver gets the message
He reacts and sends feedback to the
sender
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Essential Elements of
COMMUNICATION MODEL
1.CONTEXT
Stimuli
5.Receiver-Decoding

2.Sender-Encoding
(experience,
attitudes skills)
Perception
Idea encoding
Symbol decisions
Sending mechanisms

3.Message
4.Medium
Verbal, nonverbal

(experience,
attitudes skills)
Receptor Mechanisms
Perception
Decoding
Idea Interpretation

6. FEEDBACK
Verbal, nonverbal

Misunderstandings arise due to:

Problems in developing the message
Problems in transmitting the message
Problems in receiving the message
Problems in understanding the message
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Problems in Developing
the Message
Indecision about message content
Lack of familiarity
Emotional conflicts
Difficulty in expressing ideas
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Problems in Transmitting the

Message
Physical
Conflicting signals
Too many transmission links

Problems in Receiving the

Message
Physical distractions
Mental distractions
Lack of familiarity
Emotional conflicts
Difficulty in expressing ideas
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Problems in Understanding
the Message
Different backgrounds
Different interpretations of words
Different emotional reactions

Perception
Ability to predict how message
will be received and constant
adjustment to rectify any
misunderstanding

PERCEPTUAL FILTERS
Perception is not a passive process. It is an active
mental process in which
stimuli are selected,
received, understood and acted upon.
We have two kinds of perceptual filters:
Physical Filters: The capacities and limitations of
our senses, organs to perceive.
Psychological Filters: Our mental sets (attitudes,
beliefs, values, expectations, needs) subconsciously
and un-consciously influence what we perceive and
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how we understand it.

Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at an
Elingsh uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer
in waht oredr the ltteers in a word
are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht
frist and lsat ltteer is at the rghit
pclae. The rset can be a total mses
and you can sitll raed it wouthit
porbelm. This is bcuseae we do not
raed ervey lteter by it slef but the
wrod as a wlohe.
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If you take a look at the following picture , let me tell you ... it is not animated. Your
eyes are making it move. To test this, stare at one spot for a couple seconds and
everything will stop moving. Or look at the black center of each circle and it will stop
moving. But move your eyes to the next black center and the previous will move after
you take your eyes away from it.... Weird

Do you see gray areas in between the squares?

Now where did they come from?

Is this possible!?!

If you continue to focus on the sign in the

centre of the image you will notice that the
circle of violet circles will soon disappear
completely, and you will see only the green spot
(which is actually violet)

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
1) Verbal includes oral & written
communication.
2) Non-verbal includes behavioral and
contextual communication.
Both verbal & non-verbal communication
have intentional and unintentional
contents
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NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

All

communication

that

involves

neither written nor spoken word but

occurs without the use of words.

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VERBAL COMMUNICATION
We mean all communication that
involves written or spoken word;
occurs with the use of words.

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Non Verbal Communication

Usually it contradicts the verbal message; often
it expresses true feelings more accurately than
the spoken or written language
Appearance
Body Language
Voice
Time
Sound/Silence
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NON VERBAL INCLUDES

Kinesics
Proxemics
Time language
Paralanguage
Physical context
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Functions of Nonverbal
Communication

To provide information

To regulate the flow of conversation

To express emotion

To qualify, complement, contradict, or expand

verbal messages

To control or influence others

To facilitate specific tasks

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The human brain

is a wonderful organ.
It starts working the minute
you are born
And doesnt stop
working till you get up to speak
in front of a group.
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10 Characteristics of the Ideal Presentation

concise and to the point

simple and clear
interesting
relevant
friendly and approachable
interactive
effective and efficient
strategic focused
persuasive
motivating, energizing, entertaining

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WHAT IS A SUCCESSFUL PRESENTATION?

You and your audience are clear on the aim
or purpose of the event.
You understand the needs of your listeners
You know your subject
You have planned your speech
You have rehearsed properly
You are confident in manner and style

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