BIODIESEL

ALTERNATE SOURCES
OF ENERGY

Group members
1.Anukriti Pandey
15BCE0881
2.Divyanshi Mangal
15BCE0454
3.Garima Yadav
15BCE0894
4.Himani Jain
15BCE0686

AIM OF THE
PROJECT
TO DISCOVER
ALTERNATE
SOURCE OF
ENERGY IN THE

MATERIALS REQUIRED

Used Vegetable Oil

NaOH
KOH
Methanol
Ethanol

EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED

Funnel
Scale
Beaker
Measuring Cup
Bottle
Gloves

MILESTONE vs TIME CHART

WEEK 1
Deadline: July 10, Friday

ASSIGNMENT OF PROJECT
FORMATION OF STUDENT
GROUPS

WEEK 2
Deadline: July 17, Friday

SEARCH FOR SUITABLE

PROJECT
FINALIZING THE PROJECT TITLE
& WORK

WEEK 3
Deadline : July 24, Friday

ANALYSIS OF IMPORTANCE
OF THE PROJECT
COLLECTION OF CHEMICALS AND
APPARATUS REQUIRED
FOR THE PROJECT

WEEK 4
DEADLINE : JULY 31,FRIDAY

Collection of relevant literature

for the project
Review of archives regarding
the same

Assignment
of project
Formation
of group

Selection
of project
topic
Collection
of
Contents
required
Assimilatio
n of
relevant
literature

Presentati
on of
project

PRESENTATION DAY

August 7 , Friday

INTRODUCTION
1.Biodiesel is a renewable resource based fuel for use in Diesel engines.
2.It can be made from various oils including corn, soybean, canola,
cottonseed, peanut, etc. and from animal fats.
3.The fuel produced is more environmentally friendly than petroleum
diesel (dinodiesel).
4.A more scientific term is Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME).
5.The oils and fats contain triglycerides (TGs) that are chemically
converted into FAME by a process called transesterification.

Biofuels

What are biofuels?

Any hydrocarbon fuel that is
produced from organic matter
(living or once living material) in a
short period of time (days, weeks, or
even months) is considered a
Biofuel.

History
In 1890s Rudolf Diesel was a first person who made biodiesel
from vegetable oil.
In 1970s and 1980s environmental protection agency EPA
situated in America suggested that fuel should be free from
sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
In 1998 EPA allowed the production of biofuel on commercial
level which was the alternative source of the petrol.
In 2010 the production of biofuels reaches up to 105 billion liters
worldwide.
In 2011, European countries were the largest that made
biodiesel almost about 53%. The international Energy Agency
set a goal to reduce the usage of petroleum and coal and will be
switched on to biofuels till 2050.

Can you imagine life without fuel?

NO!

Petrol/Diesel Price
Rising
Petrol/Diesel price = cost price (procuring +
refining + marketing) + tax (central + state)
+
Cost price = f(international crude price)
International Crude Price = f(Supply, Demand,
Government policies, Financial Institutions,
Geopolitics)

International crude price is rising, therefore cost

price is rising thus increasing the petrol price.

BIO-DIESEL PUMP

Why biodiesel?
Biodiesel reduces carbon dioxide exhaust
emissions by up to 80%.
Biodiesel produces 100% less SOx than
petroleum.
Biodiesel reduces exhaust smoke
(particulates) emissions by up to 75% so
the usual black cloud associated with a
diesel engine can be eliminated.
The smell of the biodiesel exhaust is far
more pleasant.

21

 Biodiesel is much easier to handle and does not

cause cracking or redness.
Biodiesel is much less dangerous to put in
vehicle fuel tank as its flash point is 150C
(300F) as opposed to petroleum diesel 70C
(150F).
Biodiesel provides significant lubricity
improvement over petroleum diesel fuel so engines
last longer, with the right additives engine
performance can also be enhanced
22

JATROPHA TREE

A SOURCE FOR BIODIESEL

BIO-DIESEL PLANT

Advantages-Disadvantages of Biodiesel
ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

Can be used in existing oil

heating systems and diesel

engines without making any
alterations.

Biodiesel is significantly
more expensive compared
to standard diesel

Pure biodiesel B100 can be

used which can reduce C02
emissions by 78%

Biodiesel can release

nitrogen oxide which can
lead to the formation of
smog.

Biodiesel has no sulphur

content, and so it doesn't
contribute to acid rain
formation

Pure biodiesel has

significant problems with
low temperatures

Biodiesel has good

lubricating properties better

Food Shortages can be

occurred

BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN

First successful trial run of a superfast

passenger train was conducted on Dec 31,
2009
Delhi - Amritsar Shatabdi Express used 5% of
biodiesel fuel.
Railway annual fuel bill = Rs 3400 crores (for
Diesel)
10% mixture with Diesel = reduced
(Rs.300-400 crores /
annum)
5% substitution is accepted.

Some more practicalities

The former President of

India, Dr. Abdul Kalam,
is one of the strong
advocaters of Jatropha
cultivation for production
of bio-diesel.

The State Bank of India

provided a boost to the
cultivation of Jatropha in
India by signing a MoU
with D1 Mohan, a joint
venture of D1 Oils plc, to
give loans to the tune of
1.3 billion rupees to
2/16/16
local farmers in India.

Older diesel Mercedes are popular for running on

biodiesel

29

BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES

INTRODUCED IN GSRTC
The Union minister of petroleum and
natural gas Shri. Mani Shankar Aiyer
flagged off biodiesel bus services in
Gandhinagar on mar 12,2005.
GSRTC introduced four biodiesel buses
between Gandhinagar and Ahmadabad.
TATA motors in Pune launched trial run on
43 buses of 10 % biodiesel blends, and
parallel trial on TATA Indica cars and TATA
LCVs .

OVT OF INDIA INITIATIVE

Conscious of the advantages, Government of India is now working
towards evolving a national policy on bio-fuels as environmentally
friendly energy source to reduce dependence on import of diesel.
Further, Government of India has already established the National
Hydrogen Energy Board to push the development of alternative
fuel. The main objective of this Board is to coordinate and develop
national hydrogen energy roadmap with focus on development of
alternative fuel for transport.

CAN BIODIESEL WORK IN INDIA ?

INDIA HAS TROPICAL ADVANTAGE
ENORMOUS WASTE LANDS & CHEAP FARM LABOUR
BIODIESEL IN INDIA CAN BE SUCCESS STORY
INDIA HAS TROPICAL ADVANTAGE
ENORMOUS WASTE LANDS & CHEAP FARM LABOUR
BIODIESEL IN INDIA CAN BE SUCCESS STORY

This year, the Energy and Resources Institute

(TERI), an Indian research group, launched a
10-year, $9.4 million project to research issues
involved in taking jatropha from seed to filling
station. One challenge is growing the plant in
poor soil.
The TERI project is working in rural Andra
Pradesh, a state in southeast India, collaborating
with local financial institutions to develop loan
guarantees to fund seed purchases; its also
collaborating with insurers to back the farmers
against potential losses. In addition, it had to
educate
the farmers
on how
cultivate
the
So far,
the project
has signed
up to
5,000
farmers
plant.
representing
1,000 hectares of land. The goal is to
have 8,000 hectares under cultivation by March
2008, and Adholeya says that the success of the first
crops has drawn interest from many more farmers.
By the end of 2008, TERI plans to have a production
facility producing biodiesel from jatropha.
Eventually, it aims to produce 90 million liters of

Indian Initiatives
National Mission on Biodiesel has
been launched by GOI
State
Governments
designated
special
authorities/bodies
to
manage
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural
Gas notified biodiesel purchase
policy
Government Institutes are working
on technology and promotion
Public and private sectors are
working on processing and end use

Farmers
Farmers meet
meet on
on Biodiesel
Biodiesel at
at Rashtrapati
Rashtrapati Bhawan
Bhawan

CONCLUSION:
Biodiesel is eco-friendly.
Biodiesel is clean burning alternative

fuel.
Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can
be blended with conventional diesel
fuel.
These fuel can be used in any diesel
engine without any modification.
Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and
free from sulphur and lead.