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International
Economics
Tenth Edition
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
In this chapter:
Introduction
Partial Equilibrium Analysis of a Tarif
The Theory of Tarif Structure
General Equilibrium Analysis of a Tarif in a
Small Country
General Equilibrium Analysis of a Tarif in a
Large Country
The Optimum Tarif
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Introduction
While it is generally accepted that free trade
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Introduction
Import vs. export tariffs
Introduction
Import vs. export tariffs
Ad valorem tariff
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Introduction
Import vs. export tariffs
Ad valorem tariff
Specific tariff
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Introduction
Import vs. export tariffs
Ad valorem tariff
Specific tariff
A compound tariff
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Introduction
Tarifs have been sharply reduced since World
War II.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Consumption effect
Reduction in domestic consumption
Production effect
Expansion of domestic production
Trade effect
Decline in imports
Revenue effect
Revenue collected by the government
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE81PartialEquilibriumEffectsofaTariff.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE82EffectofTariffonConsumerandProducerSurplus.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE83PartialEquilibriumCostsandBenefitsofaTariff.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
g=
taiti
1ai
g=rateofeffectiveprotection
t=nominaltariffrateonfinalcommodity
ai=ratioofcostofimportedinputtopriceoffinal
commoditywithnotariff
ti=nominaltariffrateonimportedinput
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
g=
Conclusions
taiti
1ai
Ifai=0,g=t
Forgivenvaluesofaiandti,gislargerthegreaterist
Forgivenvaluesoftandti,gislargerthegreaterisai
Thevalueofgis>,=or<t,asti<,=or>t
Whenaiti>t,therateofeffectiveprotectionisnegative
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE84PreandPostUruguayRoundCascadingTariff
StructureinIndustrialCountries.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE85GeneralEquilibriumEffectsofaTariff
inaSmallCountry.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
net efect.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
FIGURE86GeneralEquilibriumEffectsofaTariff
inaLargeCountry.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
optimum tarifs.
Salvatore:InternationalEconomics,10thEdition2010JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.