ON

CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE
TRANSMISSION
(CVT)

BY- SANDEEP SHARMA

MECH. ENGG (5TH SEM)
ROLL NO. 1202940133
KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, GHAZIABAD.

Basics of
transmission
The job of the transmission is
to change the speed ratio
between the engine and the
wheels of an automobile.
The transmission uses a
range of gears to make more
effective use of the engine's
torque as driving conditions
change.
There are 3 type of
transmission1.Manual transmission
2.Automatic transmission
3.Semi automatic(CVT)

OBLEMS WITH MANUAL & AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

The traffic condition has become
annoying in our big cities so fuel
consumption is very high
In such a case will automatic
transmission make sense to the Indian
customer.
But conventional automatics always
consume slightly more fuel than manual
transmission and the lack of sophisticated
automatics.

Introduction of CVT

Today automobiles use either a conventional manual or

automatic transmission with multiple planetary gear sets that use
clutches to achieve discrete gear ratios .
The continuously variable transmission replaces discrete gear
ratios with infinitely adjustable gearing through one of several
basic CVT designs
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is
a transmission that can change seamlessly through an infinite
number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum
values
The flexibility of a CVT allows the input shaft to maintain a
constant angular velocity.

Overview of a CVT
Varies the transmission ratio continuously
Shifts automatically with an infinite number of
ratios.
Seamless power delivery
Constantly changes its gear ratio to optimize
engine efficiency
Allows the engine to rev almost immediately to
deliver maximum torque

Components of
CVT
1. A variable input driving
pulley
2. An output(driven) pulley
3. A metal belt/rollers
4. Sensors and microprocessors

Working principle

A pair of variable-diameter pulleys, each shaped like a pair

of opposing cones, with a metal belt or chain running between
them.
One pulley is connected to the engine (input shaft), the other
to the drive wheels (output shaft)
As the pulley halves come closer together the belt is forced
to ride higher on the pulley, effectively making the pulley's
diameter larger.
Changing the diameter of the pulleys varies the
transmission's ratio.

HOW CVT WORKS?

Types of CVT
Metal Push Belt CVT.
Toroidal Drive CVT.
Variable Diameter pulley Belt CVT
Hydrostatic CVT
Magnetic CVT

Simulation of CVT
Push Belt
This belt transmits power between two
conical pulleys, or sheaves, one fixed and
one movable .
A sensor reads the engine output and
then electronically increases or decreases
the distance between pulleys, and thus the
tension of the drive belt

Toroidal Traction
Drive CVT:

Uses rollers to transmit torque between the input disc and output
disc.
A viscous fluid transmits torque between rollers and discs.
Rollers and discs never touch.
The angle of the rollers changes relative to shaft position resulting
in a change in gear ratio.
The change in angle by a roller must be mirrored by the opposing
roller.

Toroidal CVT

ADVANTAGES OF CVT
Decreases engine fatigue
infinite number of gear ratios, maintaining
the engine in its optimum power range
More mechanically efficient than Automatic
transmissions.
Greater fuel efficiency than both manual and
automatic transmissions.(Fuel savings of more than
17%).
Smooth, responsive and quiet to drive

CVT Vs. Manual

transmission
Theoretical comparison under ideal
conditions
1991 FIAT UNO
M=1250 KG,TORQUE=101.2 NM

0-100

KMPH

MT-11.9 SEC /CVT-8.8

SEC
CVT proved 35% more efficient
than the MT.
With same car and engine, the
CVT takes only 75% of the time
to accelerate to 100km/h,
compared to the MT.

DRAWBACKS
Limited torque capacity when compared to
manual transmissions.
Additional gear train required for reverse
condition.
Larger and more costly than manual
transmissions.
Unwillingness to discard billions of dollars
in development in MT & ATs.

USES OF CVT

Many smalltractorsfor home and garden use have

simple rubber belt CVTs. For example, theJohn
Deere Gatorline of small utility vehicles use a belt
with a conical pulley system. They can deliver an
abundance of power and can reach speeds of 30
32mph (4851km/h), all without need for a clutch
or shifting gears. Nearly allsnowmobiles, old and
new, andmotor scootersuse CVTs, typically the
rubber belt/variable pulley variety.
In various ATV CVT is most widely used due to better
fuel economy.

Future of CVT
The IC engine is nearing both perfection and obsolescence;
advancements in fuel economy and emissions have effectively
stalled.
CVTs could potentially allow IC vehicles to meet the first
wave of new fuel regulations
Costs will be reduced further and performance will
continue to increase.
Ultimately it will give CVTs a solid foundation in the
worlds automotive infrastructure.

THANK
YOU