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Leaves
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf occurs
through pores called stomata (singular = stoma).
Normally stomata open when the light strikes the leaf in the
morning and close during the night.
The immediate cause is a change in the turgor of the guard cells.
The inner wall of each guard cell is thick and elastic. When turgor
develops within the two guard cells flanking each stoma, the thin
outer walls bulge out and force the inner walls into a crescent
shape. This opens the stoma. When the guard cells lose turgor,
the elastic inner walls regain their original shape and the stoma
closes.
The table shows the osmotic pressure measured at different times
of day in typical guard cells. The osmotic pressure within the other
cells of the lower epidermis remained constant at 150 lb/in2. When
the osmotic pressure of the guard cells became greater than that
of the surrounding cells, the stomata opened. In the evening, when
The immediate cause is a change in the turgor of the guard cells. The inner
wall of each guard cell is thick and elastic. When turgor develops within the
two guard cells flanking each stoma, the thin outer walls bulge out and force
the inner walls into a crescent shape. This opens the stoma. When the guard
cells lose turgor, the elastic inner walls regain their original shape and the
stoma closes.
The table shows the osmotic pressure measured at different times of day in
typical guard cells. The osmotic pressure within the other cells of the lower
epidermis remained constant at 150 lb/in2. When the osmotic pressure of the
guard cells became greater than that of the surrounding cells, the stomata
opened. In the evening, when the osmotic pressure of the guard cells
dropped to nearly that of the surrounding cells, the stomata closed.
STOMATA ;
Is a pore on the epidermis of the leaves and
stems of plants which can open and close
FUNCTIONS :
1. Enable gases exchange between leave cells
and atmospheric
2. Regulate and control water loss from plants
STOMATA
The stomata,
Is a tiny openings
in the epidermis of
a plant leaf,
are surrounded
by a pairs of guard
cells.
The guard cells
open and close the
stoma by changing
shape
At night,
Guard cells do not go through photosynthesis
There is no sugar produced in guard cells , sugar
converted to starch, reduces osmotic
concentration in guard cells
Water potential in guard cells become higher
than the w.p in epidermis cells
Proton pump
Potassium channel
H+
K+ channels activated, K+
ions pumped in
H+ ion
H+ pumped out of the guard cells,
lowest the electrochemical gradient
Stoma opens