Chemical Engineering

Simulation
HYSYS
Starting HYSYS
Creating A New Simulation
Adding Components
Selecting Fluid Package
Entering Simulation Environment
Object Pallete/Material Streams/Unit Operation
Equation of State
Heat Exchanger/Problems

HYSYS
A powerful engineering simulation tool
Widely used in universities and colleges in
advanced courses in chemical engineering
In industry, the package is used in
research, development, modeling and
design
The engineering platform for modeling
processes from upstream, through gas
processing and cryogenic facilities to
refining and chemical processes
Usability and efficiency attributes

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

To know how to select the right components
and fluid package for simulation process.
To know how to enter and re-enter the
simulation environment.
To familiarise students with simulation flow
sheet.
To know how to add and specify material
streams for simulation.
To know how to output results of simulation.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this course lectures, students will be
able to do the following:
Start HYSYS.
Select Components.
Define and select a fluid package.
Enter and re-enter the simulation environment.
Add and specify material streams and unit
operation.
Build a simulation flow diagram and run the
simulation.
Out the results of the simulation.

STARTING HYSYS
Click on the start Menu.
Select Program/Aspen
Tech/Engineering suite/HYSYS.
The HYSYS desktop appears

THE HYSYS DESKTOP

SIMULATION BASIS
MANAGER
Define all information for performing
flash and physical property
calculations (property package,
components, hypothetical
components, interaction parameters,
reactions, tabular data).
Allows creation and manipulation of
multiple fluid package or component
list in simulation.

CREATING A NEW
SIMULATION
Select file/New/Case or click New Case
to start a new case.
This opens up the SIMULATION BASIS
MANAGER.
It is here that you specify all of the
components and their properties.
Save file in a location.
Select file/save as/ select where to save
file. Note that there is no default
location.

SIMULATION BASIS
MANAGER

ADDING COMPONENTS IN THE

SIMULATION
Click on the Add button in the
Simulation Basis Manager.
Component List View comes up.
Select the desired components for your
simulation. You can search through the
list of components in one of three ways.
Simulation name
Full name
Formula

ADDING COMPONENTS IN THE

SIMULATION
Once you have located the component ,
either double click on the component or
click Add Pure to add it to the list of
components for the simulation.
At the bottom of the component page, you
can give your component list a name.
Close the window by clicking the red X at
the upper right hand corner of the
component list view.
You have returned to the Simulation Basis
Manager.

SELECTING A FLUID
PACKAGE
The fluid package is used to calculate
the fluid/thermodynamic properties
of the components and mixtures in
your simulation (enthalpy, entropy,
density, vapour-liquid equilibrium
etc.). The correct fluid package will
give the basis for the results returned
by your simulation.

SELECTING A FLUID
PACKAGE
From the Simulation Basis Manager, select the
Fluid Packages tab.
Click Add button to create a new fluid package
From the list of fluid package, select the desired
thermodynamic package.
Once the desired model has been located,
select it by clicking on it once. E.g. select Peng
Robinson property package for your simulation.
Give your fluid package a name at the bottom of
the fluid package screen.
Close the window by clicking on the red X on the
upper right hand corner of the fluid property
window.

SELECTING THERMODYNAMIC
MODEL
A logical procedure for deciding which model to use.
Use a decision tree as suggested by Elliot and Lira.
[see Elliot and Lira, Introduction to Chemical
Engineering Thermodynamics, Prentice Hall, 1999].
Property Packages in HYSYS allow you to predict
properties of mixtures (light hydrocarbons, oil
mixtures, non-ideal systems)
HYSYS provides enhanced equation of state (PR,
PRSV) for rigorous treatment of hydrocarbon
systems, steam correlation for accurate steam
properties prediction, activity coefficient models for
chemical systems.

SYSTEMS/RECOMMENDED
CORRELATIONS
Type of System

Recommended Property
Method

TEG Dehydration

PR

Sour Water

PR, Sour PR

Cryogenic Gas Processing

PR, PRSV

Air Separation

PR, PRSV

Atmospheric Crude Towers

PR, PR options, GS

Vacuum Towers

PR, PR options, GS (<10mm Hg),

Braun K10, ESSO K

Ethylene Tower

Lee Kesler Plocker

High H2 systems

PR, ZJU or GS

Reservoir Systems

Steam package, CS or GS

Hydrate Inhibition

PR

SYSTEMS/RECOMMENDED
CORRELATIONS
Type of System

Recommended Property
Method

Chemical Systems

Activity Models, PRSV

HF Alkylation

PRSV, NRTL

TEG Dehydration with Aromatics

PR

Hydrocarbon system where H2O

solubility in hydrocarbon is
important

Kabadi Danner

System with select gases and

MBWR
light hydrocarbons
PR
PENG ROBINSON
PRSV
PENG ROBINSON STRYJEK-VERA
GS
GRAYSON-STREED
ZJ
ZUDKEVITCH JOFFEE
CS
CHAO SEADER
NTRL
Non Random Two Liquid

ENTERING SIMULATION
ENVIRONMENT
Click on the Enter Simulation Environment
button or on the icon to begin your simulation
Note that HYSYS (unlike other simulation
packages) solves the flowsheet after each
addition or change to the flowsheet.
It is also capable of solving for information both
downstream and upstream.
Pay close attention to your flow sheet
specification to ensure that you are not
providing HYSYS with conflicting information.
When the basis of the simulation is to change,
the Simulation Basis Manager needs to be reentered.

SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT

OBJECT PALETTE
Go to Flowsheet pull down
Select Palette or Press F4 to display
the palette.
Object toolbar appears at the right
hand side of the view.
From this toolbar, you will add
streams and unit operations into your
simulations.

ADDING MATERIAL STREAM

A material stream can be added to
the flowsheet in one of these ways:
Click on the blue arrow button on the
object palette.
Select the flow sheet menu and
select add stream.
Pressing F11.
HYSYS default names the streams in
increasing numerical order.

SPECIFYING MATERIAL
STREAMS
Double click on the stream to show the window for specifying.
Specify the details regarding material stream.
Four material stream parameters can be used as inputs,
specify the input variables (composition, flow rate, two from
temperature, pressure or vapour/phase fraction).
Warning yellow message bar at the bottom of the window
indicates what information is needed.
Specify temperature of stream by selecting condition option
from the List.
Enter a value in one cell.
Specify unit in the unit box cell; by clicking on the drop down
arrow.
Next specify pressure
Specify low rate (molar flow rate or mass flow rate)
A green message bar appears at the bottom 0f the window.

SPECIFYING MATERIAL
STREAMS
Royal blue colour of material stream on flow
sheet indicates that the stream is
completely specified and completely solved.
Light blue colour indicates incompletely
specified stream and properties not solved
for.
Specification and calculated properties for a
stream can be viewed and modified by
simply double clicking on the desired
stream.

CHALLENGES
Create one material stream that
contain water with the following
conditions:
Fluid package
Peng Robinson
Flow rate
100 kg mol /hr
Pressure
1 atmosphere
Vapour/phase fraction 1.00
What is the temperature of this stream?

Oil Manager

Assay Tab

Blend

User Property Tab

Correlation Tab

Installing Oil Tab

Creating
Hypocomponents

In the following slides, we will be

learning how to characterize the oil
(Petroleum Fluid) using the given
Assay data to create the
hypocomponents.
The HYSYS Oil Characterization
procedure is used to convert the
laboratory data into petroleum
hypocomponents.

Characterizing the Oil

Using the following laboratory assay
data:
MW
300.00 Properties
Bulk Crude
API GRAVITY

48.75

Light
Volume
i-Butane Ends Liquid
0.19
n-Butane
0.11
Percent
i-Pentane

0.37

n-Pentane

0.46

TBP Distillation Assay

Liquid Volume Temperature
Percent
(F)
Distilled

Molecular
Weight

0.0

80.0

68.0

10.0

255.0

119.0

20.0

349.0

150.0

30.0

430.0

182.0

40.0

527.0

225.0

50.0

635.0

282.0

60.0

751.0

350.0

70.0

915.0

456.0

80.0

1095.0

585.0

90.0

1277.0

713.0

98.0

1410.0

838.0

API Gravity Assay

Liq Vol% Distilled

API Gravity

13.0

63.28

33.0

54.86

57.0

45.91

74.0

38.21

91.0

26.01

Viscosity Assay
Liquid Volume
Percent
Distilled

Viscosity (cP)
100F

Viscosity (cP)
210F

10.0

0.20

0.10

30.0

0.75

0.30

50.0

4.20

0.80

70.0

39.00

7.50

90.0

600.00

122.30

Accessing the Oil

Environment

click the Oil Manager tab on the

Simulation Basis Manager property view.
Before entering the Oil Environment,
two criteria must be met:
at least one fluid package must be
present.
the property package must be able to
handle Hypothetical Components. In our
case, Peng Robinson, which is capable of
handling Hypothetical components.

Selecting components
For this tutorial example, you will
add the following non-oil
components: H2O, C3, i-C4, n-C4, iC5 and n-C5.

Entering Oil
Characterization
Environment
To enter the Oil Characterization
environment, do one of the following:
click the Enter Oil Environment
button on the Oil Manager tab.
click the Oil Environment icon on
the toolbar. This environment allows
you to create, modify, and otherwise
manipulate the Assays and Blends in
your simulation case. For this example,
the oil is characterized using a single
Assay.

Three steps must be completed when

you are characterizing a petroleum
fluid:
Supply data to define the Assay.
Cut the Assay into hypothetical
components by creating a Blend.
Install the hypothetical components
into the fluid package.

Defining the Assay

click the Add button to create and
view a new Assay on the assay tab.

 select TBP From the Assay Data Type

drop-down list.

 The next task is to enter the

composition of the Light Ends in the
Assay.
From the Light Ends drop-down list,
select Input Composition.
In the Input Data group, select the
Light Ends radio button.

 Ensure that Liquid Volume% is

selected in the Light Ends Basis
drop-down list.
Click in the Composition cell for iButane.
Type 0.19, then press the ENTER
key. You are automatically
advanced down one cell to nButane.
Type the remaining compositions as
given.

 ..

 you must activate the molecular

weight, density, and viscosity curves
by choosing appropriate curve types
in the Assay Definition group before
entering the assay data.

 From the Bulk Properties drop-down list,

select Used. A new radio button labeled
Bulk Props appears in the Input Data
group.
From Molecular Wt. Curve drop-down list,
select Dependent. A new radio button
labeled Molecular Wt appears in the
Input Data group.
From the Density Curve and Viscosity
Curves drop-down lists, select Independent
as the curve type. For Viscosity, two radio
buttons appear as HYSYS allows you to
input viscosity assay data at two
temperatures.

 enter the following laboratory assay data:

bulk molecular weight and density
TBP Distillation assay data
dependent molecular weight assay data
independent density assay data
independent viscosity assay data (at
two temperatures).

Entering Bulk Property Data

Select the Bulk Props radio button
Click in the Molecular Weight cell in
the table. Type 300 and press ENTER.
You are automatically advanced down
one cell to the Standard Density cell.
In the Standard Density cell, enter
48.75 and press SPACE BAR and select
for standard density as API_60 and press
ENTER.

 ..

 No bulk Watson UOPK or Viscosity data is

available for this assay. HYSYS provides
two default temperatures (100F and
210F) for entering bulk viscosity, but
these temperature values are ignored
unless corresponding viscosities are
provided. Since the value for bulk
viscosity is not supplied, there is no need
to delete or change the temperature
values.

Entering Boiling
Temperature (TBP) Data
Click the Calculation Defaults tab.
In the Extrapolation Methods group,
select Lagrange for each method
using the drop-down lists.
Return to the Input Data tab.
Select the Distillation radio
button.

 From the Assay Basis drop-down list,

select Liquid Volume.
Click the Edit Assay button.
Click in the top cell of the Assay Percent
column.
Type 0 then press ENTER.
in the corresponding empty Temperature
cell. Type 80 then press ENTER.
10.Repeat steps #8 and #9 to enter the
remaining Assay
Percent and Temperature values as given
and click OK.

Entering Molecular
WeightWtData
Select the Molecular
radio button.

Since the Molecular Weight assay is

Dependent, the Assay Percent column
displays the same values as those you
entered for the Boiling Temperature assay.
Therefore, you need only enter the Molecular
Weight value for each assay percent.
Click the Edit Assay button and the Assay
Input Table property view appears.
Type 68 in the first empty cell, then press the
down arrow key.

 Type the remaining Molecular Weight

values as given;

Click OK.

Entering Density Data

Select the Density radio button.
Since the Density assay is
Independent, you must input values
in both the Assay Percent and
Density cells.
Following previous procedures enter
the API gravity curve data as shown
here.

 ..

Entering Viscosity Data

Select the Viscosity 1 radio button
Ensure Dynamic is selected In the Viscosity
Type drop-down list above the assay
matrix
Select the Use Both radio button In the
Viscosity Curves group, The Temperature
field is for each of the two viscosity curves.
Click the Edit Assay button to access
the Assay Input Table.

 Input the Viscosity 1 assay data as shown

Select the Viscosity 2 radio button

and enter the assay data.
The Assay is now completely defined
based on our available data.

 Click the Calculate button at the

bottom of the Assay property view.
HYSYS calculates the Assay, and the
status message at the bottom of the
property view changes to Assay Was
Calculated.

Cutting the Assay (Creating the

Blend)
The next task is to cut the assay into
individual petroleum
hypocomponents.
Click the Cut/Blend tab of the Oil
Characterization property view.
Click the Add button to create a
new Blend

 In the list of Available Assays, select Assay1.

Click the Add button
The Assay is transferred to the Oil Flow
Information table.
A Blend (Cut) is automatically calculated
based on the current Cut Option(Auto cut),
which can be changed to user ranges and
supplying the ranges of IBPs(initial boiling
point which is the normal boiling point(NBP)
of the heaviest component in the Light
Ends).
There is no need to enter a Flow Rate in this
table When you have only one Assay.

 Click the Tables tab to view the

calculated properties of these
hypocomponents.
Using user range cut option, 100F is used
as the initial cut point.
Return to the Data tab.
From the Cut Option Selection drop-down
list, select User Ranges.
Enter 100F In the Starting Cut Point
field,the starting point for the first range.
enter in the empty cell the upper cut
point temperature for the first range (and
the lower cut point for the second range).

 Type 800 then press ENTER.

Enter the remaining cut point
temperatures and the number of cuts
values as shown

 click the Submit button to

calculate the Blend based on the
current initial cut point and range
values. The message Blend Was
Calculated appears in the status bar.
Click the Tables tab to view the
properties of the petroleum
hypocomponents.

Viewing the Oil

Distributions

select Oil Distributions from the Table Type

drop-down list.
The Cut Distributions table shows the
Fraction of each product in the Blend.
These fractions can be used to estimate
the product flow rates for the fractionation
column. For example, the Kerosene
liquid volume fraction is 0.129. With
100,000 bbl/ day of crude feeding the
tower, the Kerosene production is
expected at 100,000 * 0.129=12,900 or
roughly 13,000 bbl/day.

Installing the Oil

click the Install Oil tab On the Oil
Characterization property view.
Rename stream name to pre heat
crude.