THERMAL DISPERSIONS STUDY

KALTIM COAL FIRED POWER

PLANT 2 X 110 MW

1.

2.

3.

Scope of Study

Hydrodynamic studies
To develop complete mathematical model for heat dispersion before
and after the plant is operated, including the influence of jetties.
Simulate the flow conditions prevailing at the site based on the
bathymetry, and tidal conditions.
Predict the flow conditions at site considering the withdrawal from the
proposed intake channel and discharges from the outfall at proposed
location for following for spring and neap tidal conditions.
Thermal dispersion studies
Thermal & sedimentation modeling to study the dispersion of effluent
and to confirm the intake/outfall locations from recirculation
considerations.
Study of various alternatives (Channel/Pipe line)to be carried out and
to arrive at an appropriate scheme for the discharge of the effluent.
Predicting temperature variations at the proposed outfall location and
Recommended location of the intake and exhaust cooling water.
Sediment transport Studies
To conduct study of sediment transport include (but are not limited to)
the number, the dominant direction and the time required to settle prior
to and after power plant operation.

General Condition Of The Area

The Balikpapan Bay

General Condition Of The Area

1.

Coastal Area

The Balikpapan Bay which occupies an area of 730 Km2 has

maximum depth that varies from 2 m at the head (Sepaku) to 50 m in
the entrance of Teluk Waru.

2.

Soil Condition

Swamp land covered with mangroves. Light yelowish silt and clay and
fine sand with patches of coarse sand in between, are poorly sorted
with highly variable skewness.

3.

Rainfall and Temperature

Strongand erratic rainfall confined largely to June-October.

The climate is hot and humid from April till October and pleasant
during brief winter from December to February.

Maximum temperature recorded is 37oC during 2005, it occasionally

exceeds 40 oC.

General Condition Of The Area

4.

Wind

March to May the wind direction is generally SWW (225 - 250) and
velocity from 10.28 m/sec 12.75 m/sec.

June to August the wind direction is predominantly SW and velocity

from 17.99 m/sec to 20.56 m/sec.

September and through October wind direction changes to NE with

velocity from 3.6 m/sec to 5.14 m/sec.

November to January direction remaining same the velocity varies

5.14 m/sec to 12.85 m/sec

General Condition Of The Area

5.

Tides

6.

Circulations

Maximum veloeity at the depth 1 m,3m and 5 m are 0.57 m/sec to the
169, 0.67 m/sec to the 171 and 0.58 m/sec to the 151 respeetively.
Maximum veloeity of the tidal current at the depth of 1 m,3m and 5 m
are 0.55 m/sec to the 337, 0.67 to the 11 and 0.6 m/see to the 150
respeetively. Maximum veloeity of the non tidal eurrent are 0.03 m/sec
to the 352, 0.01 m/sec to the 243, and 0.02 to the 127 respectively.

General Condition Of The Area

7.

Waves

Wave height H(max) is 10.8 dm and the maxiow that the maximum
wave period (Tmax) is 15 sec. The significantwave height (H I/3) is
3.28 dm and the significant wave period (T1/3) is 5.06 sec. The mean
wave height (Hmean) is 2.02 dm and the mean wave period (Tmean)
is 3.57 sec. The wave direction dominantly fram East 33.72 percents,
fram South East 25.78 percents, fram South 12.78 percents, fram
South West 8.59 percents, fram North East 8.07 percents and the
small amount blowing fram North West and West.

Bathymetri Map of Teluk Waru

L OKAS I PENGAMATAN
P AS ANG-SURUT 2
X : 474011.00
Y : 9874418.00

BM 3

B M6

M SL. +7. 35

BH - 12

MSL . +7. 30

MSL . +5. 45

M SL. +5. 45

BH - 1

M SL. +5. 45

M SL. +5.45

M SL. +5. 45

B H- 3

B H- 2

M SL. +5.4 5

M SL. +5. 45

BH - 5

B H- 11

L OKAS I PENGAMATAN
PASANG-SURUT 1
X : 476047.00
Y : 9868381.00

Tides Survey Location

Sediment and Water Sample

Locations
No Jalur

Line No.

KOORDINAT

DalamLaut
(D)

Kedalaman
pengambillan

KeteranganBotol
Sample

Sea Depth (D)

Measurment
Depth

Botle Sample
Information

( m)

( m)

Temperature

(C)

7B
7C

7A

6C

6B

6A

5A
5C
5B

4A
4C

4B

3B

3C

3A

2B

2C

1C

1B

2A

1A

KETERANGAN / INFORMATIONS

ATAS/ UPPER(0,2d)

TENGAH/ MIDDLE(0,6d)
BAWAH / BOTOM (0,8d)

Temperature Sample Locations

BM 3

BM 6

M SL. +7 .35

B H- 12

M SL. +7 .30

MS L
. + 5. 4
5

B H -1

M SL. +5. 45
M SL. +5 .45

M SL. +5 .45

BH -3

MS L
. +5 .45

M SL. +5 .45

BH -5

B H- 11

B H- 2

Tidal Observation, Prediction and the Residue at Upstream (Right) and Downstream
(Left) Tide Pole

Comparison of Tidal Observation at Upstream and Downstream Tide Pole

Wave Height Prediction

Wind Rose

Wind Rose of Whole Month Available Data from Available Balikpapan

Meteorological Station (1993-2010)

Wind Rose of Monthly of Balikpapan Meteorological Station (1993-2010)

Wave Hindcasting Method

S U L U

Bandar Seri Begawan

BRUNAI DARUSALAM

S. Berau

P. Tarakan

MANADO

XVII
PONTIANAK

XIV

SAMARINDA

Tel. Tomini Gorontalo

Kep. Banggai

K A L I M A N T A N
BALIKPAPAN

PALU

XV

Tel. Tolo

Kep. Sula

PALANGKARAYA

BANJARMASIN

P. Laut

L A U T

KENDARI

UJUNG PANDANG

J A W A

UJUNG PANDANG

P. Butung
P. Butung

P. Bawean

Kep. Karimun Jawa

JAKARTA
BANDUNG

Madura

Kep. Kangaan

Kep. Sabalana

SEMARANG
SURABAYA

L A U T

F L O R E S

P. Wetar

YOGYAKARTA

Kep. Alor
DENPASAR

P. Bali

P. Flores

MATARAM

MAUMERE

P. Lombok

P. Sumbawa

ENDE

DILI

Kep. Leti
XXVII

Fetch lines for wave hind casting at Balikpapan Site area

Fetch Calculation of Balikpapan Site

Wave Statistics

Wave Rose

Wave rose at Balikpapan Site area

Wave Rose of Monthly (Jan-Jun) of Balikpapan (1993-2010)

Maximum Waves, Coal Fired Power Plant in Open Ocean of Balikpapan Bay

Wave Transformation Model (STWAVE)

In this STWAVE model, the basic assumptions used are :
a.

Mild bottom slope and negligible wave reflection.

b.

Spatially homogeneous offshore wave conditions.

c.

Steady-state waves, currents, and winds.

d.

Linear refraction and shoaling.

e.

Depth-uniform current.

f.

Bottom friction is neglected.

g.

Linear radiation stress.

Boundary Conditions
STWAVE is use to calculate wave transformation. The STWAVE use
Spectral Energy

as an Input, in this discussion we use JONSWAP

theoretical energy wave Spectral.

Wave Spectrum Input on STWAVE Mod

Energy (m^2/Hz)

Energy (m^2/Hz)

Energyvs.Direction
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0 -75 -50 -25 Directio0n(Deg) 25 50 75
Energyvs.Frequency
25
20
15
10
5
0 0.05 0.10 0.15Frequency0.(2H0z) 0.25 0.30

The Spectrum energy in STWAVE

Model Set Up

Finite Difference Grid in STWAVE Module

Model Result

Wave Transformation of Wave

Incident from South East Direction

Wave Transformation of Wave

Incident from East Direction

Model Result

Wave Transformation of Wave

Incident from South Direction

Observation Line of Wave High

Profile in the Model

Wave High Profile

Breaking Zone of Wave Transformation

Hydrodynamics Model (RMA-2)

The RMA2 Modeling Process

Mesh Model

Layout scheme 1 Intakes without

Channel

Layout scheme 2 Intakes with Channel

Boundary Condition Location of RMA2

Model

BC 1

BC 3

BC 4

BC 2

Water Surface Elevation Data in Model

Discharge of the Outlet depend on
Number of Boiler
3

12.28083

m /second

25.78972

m /second

2 Boiler

44,211.00

m /hour

3 Boiler

92,843.00

m /hour

Layout Scheme Intake with Pipe

Vector and Velocity Magnitude of

Current during the Spring Tide(ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake Pipe at Time
Step 15th, January, 23rd 2011, 09.00
oclock

Vector and Velocity Magnitude of

Current
during
the
Spring
Tide(flood) of 2 Boiler Scenario and
Intake Pipe at Time Step 21st,
January, 23rd 2011, 09:00 oclock

Current Velocity Profile 2 Boiler Scenario and Intake Pipe Model Result

Layout Scheme Intake with Channel to elevation -3 m

Vector and Velocity Magnitude of Current

during the Spring Tide(ebb) of 2 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with Channel to -3m
Elevation at Time Step 15th, January, 23rd
2011, 09.00 oclock

Zoom of Vector and Velocity Magnitude

of Current around the intake during the
Spring Tide(ebb) of 2 Boiler Scenario
and Intake with Channel to -3 m
Elevation at Time Step 15th, January,
23rd 2011, 09.00 oclock

Current Velocity Profile 2 Boiler Scenario and Intake with Channel to 3 m

Elevation

Layout Scheme Intake with Channel to elevation -9 m

Vector and Velocity Magnitude of Current

during the Spring Tide(ebb) of 2 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with Channel to -9 m
Elevation at Time Step 15th, January, 23rd
2011, 09.00 oclock

Vector and Velocity Magnitude of Current

during the Neap Tide(ebb) of 2 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with Channel to -9 m
Elevation at Time Step 189th, January,
29th 2011, 18.00 oclock

Current Velocity Profile 2 Boiler Scenario and Intake with Channel to -9 elevation
Model Result

Current Velocity Profile 3 Boiler Scenario and Intake Pipe Model Result

Current Velocity Profile 3 Boiler Scenario and Intake with Channel to -3 m

Elevation Model Result

Current Velocity Profile 3 Boiler Scenario and Intake with Channel to -9 m

Elevation Model Result

Thermal dispersion Model RMA-4

The water quality model has been applied to :
-

Define the horizontal salinity distribution

Trace temperature effects from power plants

Calculate residence times of harbors or basins

Optimize the placement of outfalls

Identify potential critical areas for oil spills or other pollutants spread

Evaluate turbidity plume extent

Monitor other water quality criterion within game and fish habitats

Mixing zone definition

Determine the limits of salinity intrusion

Flushing analysis

Two (2) Boilers Scenario Model Results

Scheme Layout with Intake pipe.

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
Pipe at Time Step 15th,
January, 23rd 2011, 09.00
oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide(flood) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
Pipe at Time Step 21st,
January, 23rd 2011, 09:00
oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(flood) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
Pipe at Time Step 180th,
January, 29th 2011, 05:00
oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario at and
Intake Pipe Time Step
189th, January, 29th
2011, 18.00 oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

2 Boilers Scenario and Intake Pipe

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -3

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 2
Boiler
Scenario
and
Intake with Channel to
Elevation
-3
m
to
Elevation -9 m at Time
Step 15th, January, 23rd
2011, 09.00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Spring Tide(flood) of 2 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -3 m to
Elevation -9 m at Time Step
21st, January, 23rd 2011,
09:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(flood) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation
-3 m to Elevation -9 m at
Time Step 180th, January,
29th 2011, 05:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario at and
Intake with Channel to
Elevation -3 m to Elevation
-9 m Time Step 189th,
January, 29th 2011, 18.00
oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

2 Boilers Scenario and Intake with Channel
to Elevation -3 m

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -9.

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation
-9 m to Elevation -9 m at
Time Step 15th, January,
23rd 2011, 09.00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide(flood) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation
-9 m to Elevation -9 m at
Time Step 21st, January,
23rd 2011, 09:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(flood) of 2
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation
-9 m to Elevation -9 m at
Time Step 180th, January,
29th 2011, 05:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario at and
Intake with Channel to
Elevation -9 m to Elevation
-9 m Time Step 189th,
January, 29th 2011, 18.00
oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

2 Boilers Scenario and Intake with Channel
to Elevation -9 m

Three (3) Boilers Scenario Model Results

Scheme Layout with Intake pipe

Thermal Condition during the

Spring Tide (ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake Pipe at
Time Step 15th, January,
23rd 2011, 09.00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Spring Tide(flood) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake Pipe at
Time Step 21st, January, 23rd
2011, 09:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(flood) of 3
Boiler Scenario and Intake
Pipe at Time Step 180th,
January, 29th 2011, 05:00
oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 3
Boiler Scenario at and
Intake Pipe Time Step
189th, January, 29th 2011,
18.00 oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

3 Boilers Scenario and Intake Pipe

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -3

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 3
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation -3
m to Elevation -9 m at Time
Step 15th, January, 23rd
2011, 09.00 oclock

Thermal Condition during

the Spring Tide(flood) of 3
Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation -9
m to Elevation -3 m at Time
Step 21st, January, 23rd
2011, 09:00 oclock

Condition during the Neap

Tide(flood)
of
3
Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -3 m at Time Step
180th, January, 29th 2011,
05:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Neap Tide(ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario at and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -3 m Time Step
189th, January, 29th 2011,
18.00 oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

3 Boilers Scenario and Intake with Channel
to Elevation -3 m

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -9

Thermal Condition during the

Spring Tide (ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -9 m at Time Step
15th, January, 23rd 2011,
09.00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Spring Tide(flood) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -9 m at Time Step
21st, January, 23rd 2011,
09:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Neap Tide(flood) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -9 m at Time Step
180th, January, 29th 2011,
05:00 oclock

Thermal Condition during the

Neap Tide(ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario at and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -9 m Time Step
189th, January, 29th 2011,
18.00 oclock

Temperature Change In Intake Location of

3 Boilers Scenario and Intake with Channel
to Elevation -9 m

34
33.8
33.6
33.4
33.2
33
32.8
32.6
32.4
32.2

1
9
17
25
33
41
49
57
65
73
81
89
97
105
113
121
129
137
145
153
161
169
177
185
193
201
209
217
225
233
241
249
257
265
273
281
289
297
305
313
321
329
337
345
353

32

3 Boiler With Channel to Elevation -9 m

3 Boiler With Channel to Elevation -3 m

3 Boiler With Intake Pipe

2 Boiler With Channel to Elevation -9 m

2 Boiler With Channel to Elevation -3 m

2 Boiler with Intake Pipe

Comparison of Temperature of Each Scenario and Scheme of Model

Sediment Modeling SED2D

Two (2) Boilers Scenario Model Results

Scheme Layout with Intake pipe.

Sedimentation Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 2 Boiler
Scenario and Intake Pipe at
Time Step 15th, January, 23rd
2011, 09.00 oclock

Sedimentation
Condition
during the Spring Tide(flood) of
2 Boiler Scenario and Intake
Pipe at Time Step 21st,
January, 23rd 2011, 09:00
oclock

Sedimentation
Condition
during the Neap Tide(ebb) of 2
Boiler Scenario at and Intake
Pipe Time Step 189th, January,
29th 2011, 18.00 oclock

Sediment Concentration In Intake Location of 2 Boilers Scenario and Intake Pipe

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -3

Sediment Concentration In Intake Location of 2 Boilers

Scenario and Intake with Channel to Elevation -3 m

Three (3) Boilers Scenario Model Results

Scheme Layout with Intake pipe.

Sedimentation Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake Pipe at Time
Step 15th, January, 23rd 2011,
09.00 oclock

Sedimentation Condition during

the Neap Tide(flood) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake Pipe at
Time Step 180th, January, 29th
2011, 05:00 oclock

Sedimentation Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario at and Intake Pipe Time
Step 189th, January, 29th 2011,
18.00 oclock

Sediment Concentration In Intake Location of 3 Boilers

Scenario and Intake Pipe

Scheme Layout with Intake channel to elevation -3

Sedimentation Condition during

the Spring Tide (ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -3 m to
Elevation -9 m at Time Step
15th, January, 23rd 2011, 09.00
oclock

Sedimentation
Condition
during the Neap Tide(flood) of
3 Boiler Scenario and Intake
with Channel to Elevation -9 m
to Elevation -3 m at Time Step
180th, January, 29th 2011,
05:00 oclock

Sedimentation Condition during

the Neap Tide(ebb) of 3 Boiler
Scenario at and Intake with
Channel to Elevation -9 m to
Elevation -3 m Time Step 189th,
January, 29th 2011, 18.00
oclock

Sediment Concentration in Intake Location of 3 Boilers

Scenario and Intake with Channel to Elevation -3 m

Comparison of Temperature of Each Scenario and Scheme of Model

THANK YOU

THERMAL DISPERSIONS STUDY

KALTIM COAL FIRED POWER PLANT
2 X 110 MW