Design vs.

MDMP

Template for Design

Design Supports Conceptual planning focused on illstructured problems.

1. Frame the Operational Environment: Current

Environment.

MDMP Supports Conceptual, Functional, & Detailed

planning focused on ill-structured, medium
structured, and well structured problems. Produces
a FRAGORD/OPORD.

2. Frame the Desired End State: What do we

want the environment to look like ?
3. Frame the Problem: what obstacles are
impeding progress
4. Develop an Operational Approach: What
broad general actions will resolve the
problem

Frame the OE

Frame the Problem

1. ID Relevant Actors

1. ID Tensions (neutral, Positive & Negative)

2. ID Tendencies & Potentials

2. Competition

3. ID Propensity of the System without

influence

3. Friction
4. Potentials
5. Trends

Develop the Operational Approach:

Design Concept
1. Problem statement.
2. Initial commanders intent.
3. Commanders initial planning guidance.
4. Mission narrative.
5. Other products created during design.

Framework Used As a Method for Countering

Insurgencies
Shape: includes identifying which area in operational environment
exhibit conditions that coin units can impact to make changes
between insurgents and counter insurgents
clear: to eliminate insurgent threat to enable host nation forces to
address the root cause of the insurgency and eliminate the
conditions that allow it to exist
hold: units must be able to hold an area and protect it to be
effective, units should not clear an area they are not prepared to
hold. Involves disrupting insurgent activities and providing good
security environment for population
build: comprises carrying out programs designed to remove the
conditions that allow insurgency to exist, specifically highlighting the
abilities that tie the host nations ability to provide legitimate and
effective government
transition giving responsibility to the host nations forces once they
are prepared to assume the task

Framing
Framing the environment is essential to
ensuring commanders identify the right problem
to solve. Effective application of the Army
Planning Process is the difference between
solving a problem right and solving the right
problem.

Assets Used for Detection and

Delivery of Effects During the
Targeting Process
1. IC Assets and IC Sync Matrix
2. Attack Guidance and Attack Guidance Matrix

Centers of Gravity
A center of gravity is the source of power that
provides moral or physical strength, freedom of
action, or will to act (JP 5-0).

Critical Capabilities (Verbs) Primary abilities which

merit a center of gravity to be identified as such in the
given situation
Critical requirements (Nouns)- essential conditions,
resources and means for a critical capability to be
operative
Critical vulnerabilities- critical requirements or
components which are either deficient or vulnerable to
neutralization, interdiction or attack in a matter that
achieves decisive results
Direct vs Indirect Approach Can we destroy the CG
directly, or can we target the critical vulnerabilities to
render it inert?

Lines of Effort
Commanders use lines of effort to describe how
they envision their operations creating the
intangible end state conditions. These lines of
effort show how individual actions relate to
each other and to achieving the end state.
A Line that links multiple tasks and mission
using the logic of purpose- cause and effect to
focus efforts towards establishing operational
and strategic conditions.

Measure of Performance

Measure of Effectiveness

criteria used to assess the friendly action that is tied to

measuring task accomplishment. answers was it
performed as the commander intended

criteria used to assess changes in the system behavior,

capability, or operational environment that is tied to
attainment of an end state achievement of an objective
or creation of an effect

Targeting Process: D3A

Deliver Systems in the D3A Model

Decide: Which Targets to engage

Detect: The Targets
Deliver: Conduct the Operation
Assess: The Effects of the Operation

Lethal
Light and Heavy Ground Forces
Army Aviation
Field Artillery
Mortars
Naval Gun Fire
CAS
Non Lethal
,

Line of Operations
Subtasks or goals that are accomplished along the line
of effort to reach the desired end state.

Pattern Analysis Plot Sheet

Links events to date and time

Link Analysis

What are the 6 types of Stability

Tasks
To support a partner nation during military engagement
in peacetime.
After a natural or man-made disaster as part of a
humanitarian-based limited intervention.
During peace operations to enforce international peace
agreements.
To support a legitimate host-nation government during
irregular warfare.

Association Matrix
Activities Matrix
Link Diagram

During major combat operations to establish conditions

that facilitate post-conflict activities.
In a post-conflict environment following the general
cessation of organized hostilities.

Association Matrix
Shows degree of relationships between people,
organizations or events

Activities Matrix
Connects individuals to activities or events. Who does
what.

Link Diagram
Graphical depiction of both atrices showing who knows
who and what they do or are involved in often most
effective

4 Elements of Insurgency
Leaders
Guerrillas
Underground
Auxiliaries
Mass Base*

8 DYNAMICS OF AN INSURGENCY
Leadership.
Ideology.
Objectives.
Environment and geography.
External support.
Internal support.
Phasing and timing.
Organizational and operational patterns.

3 Different Methods of Army Problem Solving

1. Army design methodology
2. Military Decision Making process

Targeting
Process of selecting and prioritizing targets and
matching the appropriate response to them considering
operational requirements and capabilities.

3. Troop leading procedures

5 Primary Stability Tasks

Establish Civil Security
Establish Civil Control
Restore Essential Services
Support Government
Support Economic and Infrastructure Development

Establish Civil Security

security for state and population including
protection from internal and external threats.
establish as safe secure and stable environment

Establish Civil Control

fosters the rule of law includes increasing
capability capacity and legitimacy of host
nation systems

Support to Government
set of activities to maintain social order define
and reinforce rights and obligations and fairly
allocate goods and services

Restore Essential Services

restore local levels of normalcy to allow
people to return to daily activities and
prevent further destabilization

Support to Economic and Infrastructure

development
creation of sustainable economy

Targeting

Principles of Targeting

The process of selecting and prioritizing targets

Focused - is about achieving a CDRs objectives

HPT

Effects-based - is about creating an effect or

end-state through the use of lethal and/or nonlethal delivery actions

A high-payoff target (HPT) is one whose loss to

the enemy will significantly contribute to the
success of the friendly course of action.
HVT
A high valued target is a target the enemy
commander requires for the successful
completion of the mission.

6 Phases of Targeting
Phase 1 - End state and commander's objectives
Phase 2 - Target development and prioritization
Phase 3 - Capabilities analysis
Phase 4 - Commander's decision and force
assignment
Phase 5 - Mission planning and force execution
Phase 6 - Assessment

Interdisciplinary - is a command function

requiring the participation of many units and
agencies
Systematic - is a targeting methodology
routinely analyzes, priorities, and assess assets
against targets to achieve effects IAW CDR
guidance.
Army Design Methodology
Army design methodology is a methodology for applying critical and
creative thinking to understand, visualize, and describe problems
and approaches to solving them (ADRP 5-0).
Army design methodology is particularly useful as an aid to
conceptual planning, but must be integrated with the detailed
planning typically associated with the MDMP to produce executable
plans. Key concepts that underline the Army design methodology
include
Critical and creative thinking.
Collaboration and dialogue.
Framing.
Narrative construction.
Visual modeling.