Seminar Presentation

on
Software quality and reliability

Under the guidance of

Mr. B.R.Mandre
Submitted by
Anupama.A.Chavan
Department of computer engineering
S.S.V.P.S B.S.Deore College of engineering, Dhule
2003 - 2004

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Contents:
Introduction
Software Quality
Software Metrics
Software Reliability
Software Quality Assurance
SW Quality with logic-based graphical framework
Factors affecting SW Quality & Reliability
Tools to improve SW Quality & Reliability
SW Quality Reliability for next 10 years
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
The term quality might seem self-explanatory there are
many views of what quality mean.
Quality is a dynamic attribute.
Reliability of computer is an important element for its
overall quality.
Software reliability is the probability of software product
operating in a particular environment without exhibiting
failures.
Software quality and reliability is an umbrella activity for
improving software.
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SOFTWARE QUALITY
Is the Conformance to explicitly stated functional
and performance requirement.
3 view points taken into account
The Economic one-managers view point
The Social one-users view point
The Technical one-developers view point
Second view plays an imp role as they are they real
users

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Quality models

Structured set properties

required for an object class to meet defined
purpose
The best e.g.:Bohems model
Is hierarchy of quality metrics.
The model implies
1. Do what user what
2. Use computer resources correctly
3. Be easy for user to learn and use
4. Be well-designed, well-coded, easily tested
and maintained

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Quality factor
Factors affecting software quality are called quality
factor
Quality factors are:
Reliability
Efficiency
Integrity
Usability
Maintability
Flexibility
Portability
Reusability
Correctness
Interoperability

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Quality factor calculation
Instrument needed to calculate quality factor:
Questioner
A list of tables
A six step procedure for calculating quality factor:
Most important is quality sub characteristics determination
Single characteristics priority determination
Characteristic weight assignment
Sum of sub characteristic value (SCV)
Characteristics value (CV) calculation
Total characteristic calculation (TCV)
QF = TCV / TCV (max)
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SOFTWARE METRICS
It refers to measurement criteria for computer software.

Types of software metrics:

1.Process metrics:
Rational way to improve any process.
Enable mangers and practitioners what works and doesn't.
To provide indicators that lead to long term SW process development

2.Project metrics:
Use for strategic purpose
Enables project manager do various tasks
Used to minimize development schedule

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SOFTWARE RELIABILITY
Introduction:
Defined as the probability of failure free operation.

Its importance:
Tremendous growth in use of software control system
Used to control critical life support
Lack of discipline in generating software
Software accident due to software problems
Demand for software is growing 25% per year
Unsatisfactory returns on software investment
High cost defects
Poor quality product and slow response to customers need
Low availability
Lack of security / fault protection.

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Measuring SW reliability and availability
Measure of reliability is mean between - failure
MTBF = MTTF + MTTR
Where MTTF & MTTR are mean-time-to-failure and
mean-time-to-repair.
Software availability is given as
Availability=[MTTF / (MTTF+MTTR)]*100%
MTBF reliability is equally sensitive to MTTF & MTTR.
Availability is some what more sensitive to MTTR.

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SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE
Introduction
SQA activity is a management activity.
SQA improves software quality.
Referred to as the eyes of customer.

Quality assurance
Consist of auditing and reporting functions of management.
The goal of SQA is to provide management with necessary
data.

Cost of quality
Includes all cost in performing quality related activities.
Quality costs may be divided into

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1.prevention cost
2.appraisal cost
3.failure cost

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SQA activities:
Introduction
Variety of tasks with two constituencies they are
software engineers and SQA group.
How do engineers address quality?
How do SQA group address quality?

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SW QUALITY WITH LOGIC BASED GRAPHICAL
FRAME WORK
Introduction
Key factor in mapping, controlling and improving the software
development process.
A new logic-based graphical technique for modeling dynamic
interactions of variables affecting software quality

Approach to quality assessment

Quality assessment frame work is built as logical based
framework with 3 major components
1) objective 2) functions 3) primary data
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Graphical dynamic quality assessment (GDQA)
framework:
The proposed framework requires five step:
1). First term implement structural hierarchy.
2). Second step assesses the priorities for quality/sub quality
attributes
3). Third step defines the relation ship between the factors and
sub factors.
4). Fourth step identifies the indirect measures to quantify the
values of software quality factors.
5). Fifth step determines the input variables that are collected
form documentation of development process
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STRUCTURE OF GDQA FRAMEWORK

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FACTORS AFFECTING SW QUALITY &
RELIABILITY
Over view where do failures come from

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Examples on computer system error:
Radiation monitor
Chemical plant
Space shuttle
Airline

Why do accidents happen:

Poor and inadequate practice
Not using state of art techniques
Unqualified personal
Changing requirements
SW engineers may not understand safety
system
System may not be made fail safe
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Problem sources
Requirement and specification
Design
Coding
Integration
Manufacture

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TOOLS TO IMPROVE SOFTWARE QUALITY
AND RELIABILITY:
Software modules / Software reuse
Distributed real time system
Multiple voting systems
Mix of programming skills & experience
Analog interlocks
Analog backups
Software fault detection
Software development specifications
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SW QUALITY AND RELIABILITY FOR
NEXT 10 YEARS:
From billons of connected system to billons
and beyond
From machine centered to human centered
software
The future of reliability

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CONCLUSION:
Software is used in critical applications
Software is weak link in the system safety reliability
Potential problems with software are not well understood
There are many ways to validate and improve software
Quality is a many splendoted thing and every improvement
of its attributes is at once an advance and an advantage

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1)
2)
3)

4)

Luigi Bugloine, Alain Abran, Quality factor for

software
E.LANCON, Software metrics to improve software
quality
Nihal Kececi, Alain Abran, Analysis Measuring &
Assessing Software Quality within a Logical-based
graphical framework
Grigore Albeanu, On the Software Trust-ability
assessment

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QUESTIONS
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THANK YOU

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