BASIC MACHINE

Teknik Kendaraan Ringan

Semester 1nd Class X
Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan
SK-KD 1TH

DIAGRAM ALUR PENCAPAIAN

KOMPETENSI

TARGET OF LESSON
Student understand basic static and
strained
Student understand machine element
Student understand basic material and
mineral

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STATIC AND STRAINED

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STATIC
Learn about balanced material, and
the force at the material for balancing
that

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FORCE
Force is something cause the material move or standby
Force can be illustrated by a vector, is unit have value and direction
The Symbol : F

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F = m (Kg) a (m/s2) = Kg m/s2 = Newton (N)

f = u N Newton
N = Normal force, that upright with material face (Newton)
= friction coefficient at material face (without unit)

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Compose to force

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Compose more than 2 force

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Compose force with poligon method

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Compose force by Analitis Method

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To analyze force

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Inertia Force

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Couple

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Balanced
Inertia force F1 to O,
M1 = F1 . a (clockwise),
Inertia force F2 to O,
M2 = +F2 . b (unclockwise)

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Balanced at incline material

FMg = sin
F = W sin dan N = W cos
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STRAINED
Load at material molecule in unit of face large

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The kinds of strained

Normal Strained

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Pull Strained

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Push Strained

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Shift Strained

D = diameter paku keling

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Bend Strained

Mb = momen lengkung
Wb = momen tahanan lengkung
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Twist Strained

Mt = momen puntir (torsi)

Wp = momen tahanan polar (pada puntir)
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UNDERSTAND MACHINE ELEMENT

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SHAFT
Shaft at the machine use for continue power with rotation

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THE KINDS OF SHAFT

Yoke
Axle is a shaft that does not get the load torque, function only as a drag load,
usually do not spin. For example, as mounted on the wheels of a freight train, or
on trucks as the front.

Spindle
Axis of transmission is relatively short, as the main axis of the machine
tools, where the main burden of torsion

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Transmission Shaft
Axis of the transmission function of mechanical energy to move one machine
element to the other machine elements

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LOAD AT THE SHAFT

The axle with the load torque

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Shaft with elastic load

Elastic load at robotic arm

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Shaft with swift and elastic load

Swift and elastic load at arbor

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BEARING
Bearing needed to rivet shaft loaded, in order to turn or move back and
forth continuously, and no noise due to friction

Sliding bearings
where there is movement between the shaft and sliding bearings for
shaft surface by the bearing surface with a layer of lubricant

Rolling bearings
where there is rolling friction between the parts
rotates with the rest through rolling elements such as rollers or needle
rollers
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Based on the weight of the shaft, the bearings

classified into
Radial bearing where the load bearing ditumpu axis perpendicular to the
axis

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Axial bearings, where the load bearing direction is parallel to the axis of the shaft

Special roller bearings, which are bearing the burden rested the direction parallel
and perpendicular to the axis of the shaft.

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MATERIAL AND MINERAL

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MATERIAL
MATERIAL

STELL

FERRO
(iron, steel, and
cast iron)

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NON FERRO
(gold, silver, and
white tin.

NON STELL

ORGANIC

AN ORGANIC

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MATERIAL
BASED CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

LOGAM

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NON LOGAM

METALLOID

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STEEL CHARACTERISTIC
MEKANIS

FISIKA

SIFAT LOGAM

PENGERJAAN

KIMIA

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PROPERTIES
MECHANICAL

strength

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hardness

elasticity

rigidity

plasticity

fatique

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MINERAL
Mineral is a lot of material contained in the earth, which has the shape and
specific characteristics and has a fixed chemical composition.

CHARACTERISTIC:
Color For example faucet flashes of gold, tin, and copper metal which has a flash
Crystals or parts of a mineral that has a smooth plane
Density, the mineral has a specific gravity of between 2 to 4 ton/m2.

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MINERAL

STEEL
besi, alumunium, mangan,
titanium,tembaga, timah hitam

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NON STEEL
Natrium klorida, kalsium fosfat, dan belerang,
pasir, batu kerikil, batu hancur, gips,
dan semen, bahan bakar fosil, Air

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BIBLIOGRAPHY:
BSE Memahami Dasar-Dasar Kejuruan

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