Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Jeaneth T.
GEQUINTO, Leah
Jane P.
MANGARING,
Meleria S.
cgmarts@ee12
PHOTODIODE
Aphotodiodeis
a
type
ofphotodetectorcapable of convertinglightinto
eithercurrentorvoltage, depending upon the
mode
of
operation.The
common,
traditionalsolar
cellused
to
generate
electricsolar poweris a large area photodiode.
OPERATION
A
photodiode
is
designed to operate
inreverse bias.
Photoelectric effect.
Photocurrent.
MATERIALS
STRUCTURE
1. PIN photodiode
2. PN photodiode
3. Avalanche photodiode
TYPES
4. Schottky photodiode
+
Advantages
for the Photodiode
detector are high
NIR sensitivity and
high speed.
- Disadvantages are
limited amount of
pixels and no UV
response.
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
CHARACTERISTICS
Photodiodes
are
similar
to
regularsemiconductordiodesexcept that
they
may
be
either
exposed
(to
detectvacuum UVorX-rays) or packaged
with a window oroptical fiberconnection
to allow light to reach the sensitive part of
the device. Many diodes designed for use
specifically as a photodiode use aPIN
junctionrather than ap-n junction, to
increase the speed of response.
CHARACTERISTICS
SIGNIFICANCE
In most cases, thephotodiodeis used to deliver a
trigger signal to an electrical device when it is either
exposed to a UV ray or X-ray. It may also be used to
deliver the same trigger signal when the light source
is either turned off or thephotodiodeis blocked from
the light source.
A function thataphotodiodecan perform is to keep
an electrical device operating through the process of
converting light into a power signal or voltage.
Photovoltaic mode and photoconductive mode are
naturally occurring reactions to the light source
create what is referred to as a photocurrent.
APPLICATIONS
P-N photodiodes are used in similar applications to
otherphotodetectors,
such
asphotoconductors,charge-coupled
devices,
andphotomultipliertubes. They may be used to
generate an output which is dependent upon the
illumination (analog; for measurement and the like),
or to change the state of circuitry (digital; either for
control and switching, or digital signal processing)..
Photodiodes
are
used
inconsumer
electronicsdevices
such
ascompact
discplayers,smoke detectors, and the receivers for
infraredremote control devicesused to control
equipment fromtelevisionsto air conditioners. For
APPLICATIONS
many
applications
either
photodiodes
or
photoconductors may be used. Either type of
photosensor may be used for light measurement,
as incameralight meters, or to respond to light
levels, as in switching on street lighting after dark
Photosensors of all types may be used to respond
to incident light, or to a source of light which is
part of the same circuit or system. A photodiode is
often combined into a single component with an
emitter
of
light,
usually
alight-emitting
diode(LED), either to detect the presence of a
mechanical obstruction to the beam (slotted
optical switch), or tocoupletwo digital or analog
circuits while maintaining extremely highelectrical
isolationbetween
them,
often
for
safety
(optocoupler).
APPLICATIONS
Photodiodes are often used for accurate
measurement of light intensity in science
and industry. They generally have a more
linear response than photoconductors.
They are also widely used in various
medical applications, such as detectors
forcomputed
tomography(coupled
withscintillators), instruments to analyze
samples
(immunoassay),
andpulse
oximeters.
PIN diodesare much faster and more
sensitive than p-n junction diodes, and
APPLICATIONS
P-N photodiodes are not used to measure
extremely low light intensities. Instead, if
high sensitivity is needed,avalanche
photodiodes,intensified
charge-coupled
devicesorphotomultipliertubes are used
for
applications
such
asastronomy,spectroscopy,night vision
equipmentandlaser rangefinding.
(According to
Photodiodes are basically reverse biased diodes
temperature)
EFFECTS
Arch
ives
BreakDown Voltage:
For small active area devices, by definition
breakdown voltage is defined as the
voltage at which the dark current
becomes 10 A.
Since dark current
increases with temperature, therefore,
breakdown voltage decreases similarly
with increase in temperature.
http://en.
wikipedia.
org/wiki/P
hotodiode
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physi yper
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