A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON

3D PRINTING A NEW ERA OF MANUFACTURING

BY
NAGARAJA.E
GUIDE : DR. P.JAYAKUMAR, PROFESSOR
MRS. TRUPTI WANI, ASST. PROFESSOR
(DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
BANGALORU-560068

OVERVIEW

Introduction
A Brief History
Working Methodology
Current Trends
Case Study
Benefits Of 3D Printing
Conclusions
References

INTRODUCTION
Since

the Industrial Revolution, manufacturing has been synonymous

with factories, machine tools, production lines and economies of scale
Who

would have thought that modern manufacturing could be done

without a factory?
3D

printing changes the calculus of manufacturing by optimizing for

batches of one
Its a

factory without a factory floor and it has created a plat form for
innovation, enabling manufacturing to flourish in uncommon areas and
spawning a new generation of do it-yourself (DIY) manufacturers

3D printing is evolving rapidly, with practical examples in

numerous industries
Defense
Aerospace
Automotive and
Healthcare

A BRIEF HISTORY

1984 The Birth of 3D printing

Charles Hull, later the co-founder of 3D Systems,
invents stereo-lithography, a printing process that
enables a tangible 3D object to be created from
digital data
The technology is used to create a 3D model from
a picture and allows users to test a design before
investing in a larger manufacturing program.

1992 BUILDING PARTS, LAYER BY LAYER

The first SLA (stereo lithographic apparatus)
machine is produced by 3D Systems
The machines process involves a UV laser
solidifying photopolymer, a liquid with the viscosity
and color of honey that makes three-dimensional
parts layer by layer

1999

ENGINEERED ORGANS
ADVANCES TO MEDICINE

The

BRING

NEW

first lab-grown organ is implanted in humans when

young patients undergo urinary bladder augmentation
using a 3-D synthetic scaffold coated with their own cells
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, opened
the door to developing other strategies for engineering
organs, including printing them. Because they are made
with a patients own cells, there is little to no risk of
rejection.

2002 - A WORKING 3D KIDNEY

Scientists engineer a miniature functional kidney that is

able to filter blood and produce diluted urine in an animal

2005 OPEN-SOURCE COLLABORATION WITH 3D

PRINTING
The vision of this project is to democratize manufacturing
by cheaply distributing units to individuals everywhere,
enabling them to create everyday products on their own.

2009 FROM CELLS TO BLOOD VESSELS

Bioprinting innovator Organovo, relying on Dr. Gabor
Forgacss technology, uses a 3D bioprinter to print the
first blood vessel
2011 WORLDS FIRST 3D-PRINTED ROBOTIC
AIRCRAFT
Engineers at the University of Southampton design and
fly the worlds first 3D-printed aircraft
This unmanned aircraft is built in seven days for a
budget of 5,000
3D printing allows the plane to be built with elliptical
wings, a normally expensive feature that helps improve
aerodynamic efficiency and minimizes induced drag

2011 WORLDS

FIRST 3D-PRINTED CAR

Kor Ecologic unveils Urbee, a sleek, environmentally
friendly prototype car with a complete 3D-printed body at
the TED Winnipeg conference in Canada
Designed to be fuel- efficient and inexpensive, Urbee
gets 200 mpg highway and 100 mpg city
It is estimated to retail for $10,000 to $50,000 if it
becomes commercially viable
2012 3D-PRINTED PROSTHETIC JAW IS IMPLANTED

WORKING METHODOLOGY

Flowchart

Basic working principle of 3D Printing

CURRENT TRENDS IN 3D PRINTING

Stereo lithography
Fused deposition modeling
Selective laser sintering (SLS)
Multi-jet modeling (MJM)
The V-Flash printer
The Nano-factory 3D

CASE STUDY

A Die-less forming process of carbon fiber reinforced plastic

parts using 3D printer was developed to manufacture threedimensional mechanical parts

Specimens for static and fatigue tests were manufactured by

sandwiching the carbon fibers between lower and upper
plastic plates made by 3D printing and by heating the
sandwiched plates

3D printing process of tensile specimens made of

carbon fiber reinforced plastic

3D printer for manufacturing tensile specimens made of

carbon fiber reinforced plastic

Static and fatigue specimens manufactured by 3D printing

The second layer of the lower plate and the first layer of
the upper plate include the fibers

Force-stroke curve measured from static tensile test of

specimen made of the extruded ABS wire including the
carbon fibers.

Benefits Of 3D Printing

Conclusions

3D printing changes the calculus of manufacturing for optimizing for

batches of one

Affordable customization

Allows manufacture of more efficient design

In the future, it may be possible for the military to print replacement parts
on the battlefield instead of relying on limited spares or the supply chain.

Low cost in printing in unexpected places

3D printing is a digital technology, not just a manufacturing technology.

With its open and democratic properties, 3d printing sets the stage for
innovation.

References
3D

Printing Technology and Beyond by Perstromback, Mathilde Berchon

Dieless

forming of carbon fiber reinforced plastic parts using 3D printer by Kenichiro

Mori, Tomoyoshi Maeno, Yuki Nakagawa

A third

industrial revolution, The Economist, 21 April 2012.

http://www.economist.com/node/21552901

Particle-free

silver ink prints small, high-performance electronics, University of

Illinois press release, 12 January 2012.
http://news.illinois.edu/news/12/0112ink_JenniferLewis.html

http://www.explainingthefuture.com/3dprinting.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing

http://www.mahalo.com/3d-printers/
http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/DEC0702.pdf

http://www.inventioncity.com/intro-to-3-d-printing.html

THANK YOU