1.

Pencemaran laut
yuliantosuteja@gmail.com

DEFINISI
Pencemaran :
kejadian dan masukan limbah dan dampak dari
limbah tersebut terhadap lingkungan

Pencemaran Laut :
the introduction by humans into the marine
environment, directly or indirectly, of
substances or energy that can lead to
deleterious effects on e.g. biological systems,
human health, fisheries, or reduce the quality
of the environment for use by the leisure
industry

TIPE POLUTAN

Buangan limbah
material yang
mengandung karbon
Nutrien * pada
konsentrasi tinggi
Logam berat *
Hidrokarbon *
Komponen organik sintetik
Plastik
Radio-nuclida
Heat

SUMBER POLUTAN

Domestic effluents
Industrial effluents [direct
(outfalls) and indirect
(e.g. via atmosphere)]
Ship origin (sinking
tankers, washing tanks,
anti-fouling agents etc)

Non-Point Source Pollution

comes from many sources

Point-Source Pollution

one specific source

Non point source

Sebagian
besar
pencemar
an di laut
merupaka
n non
point
source

o
r
t
n
o
c
o
t
t
l
u
c
f
i
D an
cle

d
n
la

Point source

Trash dumping
Sludge
dumping
Oil spills
Sludge from raw
sewage dumped
into oceans

Clean-up is still difcult

But easier than non-point source
pollution

http://coastalcare.org/200
9/11/plastic-pollution/

AKIBAT POLUTAN

Toksisitas pada tubuh

Efek sub-lethal
Bioakumulasi pada jaring
makanan

FATE POLUTAN DI LAUT

(Harrison,

FATE POLUTAN DI LAUT

Sumber :
River runoff
Atmospheric deposition
Anthropogenic pathways : dumping,
deliberate coastal discharge, offshore
operational discharge

(Harrison,

Circulatio
n
patterns
:
transport
via
marine
circulatio
n system

(Harrison,
2001)

(Harrison,
2001)

Sea water
reactivity :
Biochemic
al Process

OKSIGEN

o
o

PENTING ????
Elemen kimia penting di air
Digunakan secara cepat untuk oksidasi
Tingkat oksigen yang
digunakan/dikonsumsi mikroorganisme
untuk melakukan oksidasi :
Biochemical oxygen demand
(or biological oxygen demand),
BOD

Hubungan oksigen dan Polutan ???

Mikroorganis
me
melakukan
oksidasi
terhadap
polutan yang
terdapat di
perairan

o free of
high of
oxidizable the addition
oxidizable
bacterial
material
pollutant
population
o
oxygen
level
the bacterial
the oxygen
verylevel
low
the
water
regains
its
is
high
population
drops because
oxygen
ooriginal
condition
bacterial
decreases
reaeration
cannot
levels
population
is
the dissolved
keep up
with
terminates
relative
low
oxygen level
oxygen when the
increases
consumption
oxidizable
the bacterial
pollutant is
population
rises
exhausted

Masalah yang berkaitan dengan BOD :

LIMBAH YANG MEMERLUKAN OKSIGEN