Ruang

Lingkup
Bisnis
Dr. Mohammad Abdul Mukhyi. SE., MM
Fakultas Ekonomi
Universitas Gunadarma

Pengertian Bisnis
Bisnis menggambarkan semua aktifitas dan
institusi yang memproduksi barang & jasa dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari.
Bisnis sebagai suatu sistem yang memproduksi
barang dan jasa untuk memuaskan kebutuhan
masyarakat (bussinessis then simply a system
that produces goods and service to satisfy the
needs of our society) [Huat, T Chwee,1990].

Apakah Bisnis????
Kegiatan mencari keuntungan
Menyediakan barang dan / jasa
Memuaskan standar hidup kualitas
hidup
Organisasi tidak mencari
keuntungan

Business Defined
The production and distribution
of goods and services
to satisfy the needs and wants of
the
consumer
hopefully, at a profit

Aspek-aspek Bisnis :
a) Kegiatan individu dan kelompok;
b) Penciptaan nilai;
c) Penciptaan barang dan jasa; dan
d) Keuntungan melalui transaksi.

Objectives of
Business
Survival

Growth

Profit

Social
Responsibility

Business Environment
(Figure 1.2)

Entrepreneurship
vs.
Employment
Opportunities For

Entrepreneurs
Matching Risk With Profit
Revenue - Expense =
Profit(Loss)
Risk

Factors of
Production
Land
Labor

Capital

Entrepreneurship
Informas
i

Knowledge

Government Affects
Business By Being:
A Customer
An Overseer and
Regulator
A Tax Collector

Environments of
Business
Economic
Technological
Social
Competitive
Global

Economic
Environment
$ Freedom of ownership
$ Contract laws
$ Elimination of corruption
$ Tradable currency
$ Minimum taxes &
regulation

Technological
Environment
Internet
E-commerce
Role of
Intermediaries ?
Responsiveness to
Customer
Information
Management

A Business and Its Stakeholders

(Figure 1.4 )

Average Skill
LevelRequired
58%
Average Skill
Level: 3.6

40%

2%
Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Level 6

Source: Hudson Institute as reported in Arnold Packer, Retooling the American Worker, Washington Post

Current Skill Level

70.5%
Average Skill
Level: 2.6

16.1%
6.6%

6.8%
Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Level 6

The 21st Century

Workforce

Source: Workforce Magazine, Jan. 1998

Changing
Intermediaries

Internet
Impact
Communications
Access
No Borders

E-commerce
Explosion
Transaction
costs
Size of
purchase per
transaction
Integration

Flexibility
Catalog size
Customer
Interaction

Competitive
Environment

Customer Service
Customer Demands
Speed

Community/Stakeholder Needs
Natural/Ecological Concern

Social
Environment

Diversity/Multicultural
Aging/Graying of America
Two Income Families
Single Parent Families

U.S. Population
Shifts

Source: Census Bureau

Global
Environment
Quality
Productivity
Changes

Dealing With A
Multicultural
Workforce
Show Respect for Culture/Value
of
Others
Avoid Stereotyping
Include All Workers in
Acculturalization
Be Empathetic But Be Yourself
Avoid Imposing Your
Culture/Values on Others

World Population
Milestones

Source:USA Today

Evolution of
American Business
Agricultural/Manufacturing
Service Industries
Future???