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Presented by:
Vidya dhonde
M.Pharm sem-1
2014-2015
Guided by :
Dr. S.S.Mahajan.
Contents
Introduction
Types of ovarian tumors
Symptoms
Causes
Diagnosis
Stages
Treatment
Side effects
Prevention
Conclusion
reference
Introduction
Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new, abnormal cells.
2.
Cancer cells can also invade (grow into) other tissues, something that normal cells
cannot do.
Why the Cells become cancerous ???
Due to damage to DNA.
Epithelial
2.
Germ cells
3.
Stromal cells
Epithelial tumours
5.
6.
Stromal tumours
Epithelial ovarian
tumours
Benign epithelial ovarian tumours
Tumours of low malignant potential
Malignant epithelial ovarian tumor
Stromal tumours
More than half of stromal tumors are found in women older than 50, but
about 5% of stromal tumors occur in young girls.
sudden, severe, abdominal pain. This occurs if the tumor starts to bleed.
Symptoms
9
Causes
10
Family history
- Age
- High number of total lifetime ovulations.
- Never having been pregnant .
- Early start of menstruation and Late start of menopause .
- Breast cancer.
- HRT (Hormone replacement therapy) .
- Obesity/overweight.
- Endometriosis.
- Inherited genetic syndromes.
- Cowden's disease.
11
Stages
stage:1
12
Stage:2
13
Stage: 3
14
Stage:4
Treatment
16
Treatment for ovarian cancer consists of
1.
surgery
2.
chemotherapy
3.
4.
radiotherapy
Surgery
Chemotherapy: Patients will typically receive a combination of carboplatin
(Paraplatin) and paclitaxel (Taxol) intravenously. As it is injected into the
bloodstream it can target cancer cells in the reproductive system, as well as
any cancer cells that may have reached elsewhere in the body.
Hair loss.
Loss of appetite.
Mouth sores.
Anaemia.
18
Topotecan
Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Vinorelbine (Navelbine)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Etoposide (VP-16)
Altretamine (Hexalen)
Capecitabine (Xeloda)
Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar)
Melphalan
Pemetrexed (Alimta)
Albumin bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel, Abraxane)
COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY
19
RADIOTHERAPY
20
PREVENTION:
Oral contraceptives
Gynaecologic surgery
tubal ligation
hysterectomy
EARLY DETECTION
21
If a woman shows ovarian cancer symptoms, doctors may monitor her with one
of three tests or a combination of them:
1.
Blood Test
2.
Transvaginal Ultrasound
3.
Pelvic Exam
Transvaginal ultrasound
5.
Conclusion
22
23
References
24
Thank you