INORGANIC

CHEMISTRY
TOPIC-NANOTECHNOLOGY
SUPERVISOR - Dr. Sunil & Saroj Sir
Presented byPooja,priya,shilpa,tamanna,vishali

CONTENTS
Introduction
Defination
Nanomaterials
Types of nanomaterials
Synthesisa) Bottom up method
b) Top down method
) Characterizationa) Scanning Electron microscope(SEM)
b) Transmission electron microscope(TEM)

) Applications of nanotechnology

Nano -From the Greek word for

dwarf
and means one billionth.
INTRODUCTION
Here it refers to one billionth of
a meter or 1 nanometer(nm ).

1 nanometer
is about 3 atoms long
Nanotechnology ,after shortened
to nanotech, is the study of the
control of matter on an atomic
and molecular scale.
Generally ,nanotechnology deals
with structure of the size 100
nanometer or smaller in at least
one dimension. A sheet of paper
is about 100,000 nanometers

Definations
Nanotechnology is the study of
manipulating matter on an atomic
scale .
Nanotechnology refers to the
constructing and engineering of the
functional system at very micro level
or we can say at atomic level.
A Nanometer is one billionth of a
meter ,roughly the width of three or
four atoms . The average human hair

NANOMATE

Nanomaterials comprise
RIALtypes of nanovarious
objects,namely
nanoparticles,nanorods or
nanoplates.
Natural nanomaterials
such as structure of
viruses , the wax crystal
covering a lotus leaf,
some butterfly wing
scales, natural colloids
(milk,blood), horny
materials (skin ,
feathers ,hair, paper,
cotton &even our bone
matrix are all natural

TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS
Carbon Based material
Metal Based material
Dendrimers
Composites

Types Of NanomaterialsCarbon Based Materials

These nanomaterials are composed mostly of carbon, most commonly
taking the form of a hollow spheres, ellipsoids, or tubes. Spherical and
ellipsoidal carbon nanomaterials are referred to as fullerenes, while
cylindrical ones are called nanotubes . These particles have many
potential applications, including improved films and coatings, stronger
and lighter materials, and applications in electronics.

Metal Based Materials

These nanomaterials include quantum dots, nanogold , nanosilver
and metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide. A quantum dot is a closely
packed semiconductor crystal comprised of hundreds or thousands of
atoms, and whose size is on the order of a few nanometers to a few
hundred nanometers. Changing the size of quantum dots changes
their optical properties.

Types
Dendrimers
These nanomaterials are nanosized polymers built from branched
units. The surface of a dendrimer has numerous chain ends,
which can be tailored to perform specific chemical functions. This
property could also be useful for catalysis. Also, because threedimensional dendrimers contain interior cavities into which other
molecules could be placed, they may be useful for drug delivery.

Composites
Composites combine nanoparticles with other nanoparticles or
with larger, bulk-type materials. Nanoparticles , such as
nanosized clays, are already being added to products ranging
from auto parts to packaging materials, to enhance mechanical,
thermal, barrier, and flame-retardant properties.

Synthesis
Bottom up method
Top down method

BOTTOM UP METHOD
Bottom up methods involves the
assembly of atoms and molecules
into Nano structured arrays. In
these method the raw material
sources can be in the form of
gas ,liquids or solids.
EXAMPLES-Combustion,
precipitation synthesis techniques.

TOP DOWN METHODS

In Top down approach Nano objects
and materials are created by larger
entities without bouncing its atomic
reactions usually top down approach
is practiced less as compared to the
bottom up approach . The traditional
example of a top down technique for
fabrication is lithography in which
instruments are used to scale a
microscopic plan to the Nano scale.

Applications of
Nanotechnology

THANK YOU