VACUUM BRAKING SYSTEM

Presented by:-

Bhabani Ranjan Pal

Mechanical Engineering Department
Roll:- ME-48/09
Birbhum Institute of Engineering &
Technology

CONTENTS
Purpose
2. Introduction
3. History & Overview
4. Components
5. How the automatic vacuum brake works
6. Additional features
7. Advantages
8. Limitations
9. Present-day use of vacuum brakes
10. Conclusion
11. References
1.

PURPOSE
Vacuum

brakes are
actuating devices
designed to create a force
to apply the brakes of a
vehicle in excess of that
practical through physical
effort.

INTRODUCTION
The

vacuum brake was, for many years,

used in place of the air brake as the
standard, fail-safe, train brake on railways
in the UK and countries whose railway
systems were based on UK practice.

Kinetic energy is to be converted into heat.

Atmospheric pressure 14.5 lbs./sq. inch to
0 lbs./sq. inch.
30 Hg to 21 or 25 Hg.
Momentum increases with speed & weight
also increases the improvement in brake.
Efficiency vary from 50% to 80%.
Retarding force, F = * W
The brake force Fb = p* *

HISTORY & OVERVIEW

Vacuum brake were invented in 1877 in the

USA
Superseded by compressed air systems starting
in the United Kingdom from the 1970s onward
Manually applied brake
Steam power brake
Chain braking system
Simple vacuum brake
Automatic vacuum brake

 COMPONENTS:Driver's Brake Valve

2. Exhauster or ejector
3. Brake Pipe
4. Dummy Coupling
5. Coupled Hoses
6. Brake Cylinder
7. Vacuum Reservoir
8. Brake Block
9. Brake Rigging
10. Ball Valve
1.

HOW AUTOMATIC VACUUM BRAKE WORKS?

1. BRAKE APPLICATION
2. BRAKE RELEASE

 Retarding force, F = *
W
The brake force Fb = p*
*

 ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Accelerators
Two

Pipe Systems

Equalising

Reservoir
Other Vacuum Operated Equipment

 ADVANTAGES: Simple in design

Ability to get partial release , something the pneumatic brake
could not do without additional equipment
Greater amount of safety because the vacuum lossage results in
the braking of the vehicle
Highly reliable in the case of rail wagons
Permits the automatic application of brakes down the entire
length of the train from a simple control in the drivers hand
Vacuum brakes are also fail safe since the vacuum is used for
applying the brake

 LIMITATIONS

The practical limit on the degree of

vacuum attainable
A considerable volume of air has to be
admitted to the train pipe to make a full
brake application
The existence of vacuum in the train
pipe can cause debris to be sucked in

 PRESENT-DAY USE OF VACUUM

BRAKE:I.
II.
III.

Railways of India
Spoornet(South Africa)
Narrow gauge railways in Central
Europe

Conclusion

REFERENCES
www. Railway webpages .com
www.google.co.in
www.wikipedia.org
www.stratfordbroadwayrailway.co.uk
www.seminarprojects.com

THANK
YOU