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WELDING PROCEDURE
AND PERFORMANCE
QUALIFICATION
Created By:
Mr. V. Menchavez
Founding Chairman President / CEO
Industrial Welders & Fitters Association of the
Philippines
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tee
corner
edge
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V Groove weld
U Groove weld
J Groove weld
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Double U Groove
weld
Double J Groove
weld
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Butt joint
Single V
Groove weld
Groove angle
Root face
Root gap
Double V
Groove weld
Groove angle
Single U
Groove weld
Root radius
Root gap
Root face
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Weld Reinforcement
Correct
reinforcement
Excess
reinforcement
Minimum cost
High cost
Good joint
strength
Poor joint
strength
Under
reinforcement
Poor joint
strength
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Back gouging
Back weld
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Tee Joint
leg
throat
leg
Flat profile
throat
leg
leg
Convex
profile
leg
throat
leg
Concave
profile
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Groove
angle
leg = throat
leg = throat
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3G
2G
4G
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1G
2G
5G
6G
45
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4F
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5F
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Area A
Dilution
Area B
Dilution is the amount of base metal present in the
weld metal and given by (Area B / (Area A + Area B))
Dilution depends on the welding process and heat
input.
High dilution alters the chemical composition of weld
metal
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Welding Procedure
Specification
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Procedure Qualification
PQR is a record of welding data to weld a test
coupon. It also contains test results.
Completed PQR shall document all essential
variables including ranges.
PQR to be certified accurate and shall not be
subcontracted.
If more than one process is employed then
weld deposit thickness for each process and
filler metal to be recorded.
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Steel
Al alloys etc.
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Procedure Qualification
Thickness limits
T (mm)
Range of T
<1.6
1.6 10
10 - 19
19 - 38
T - 2T
1.6 - 2T
4.8 - 2T
4.8 - 2T
>38
4.8 - 203
max t
Tests
2t
2T, 2 FB, 2 RB
2t
-do2t
-do2t if t<19
2T, 4 SB
2T if t>19
2t if t<19
-do203 if t>19
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Welding Performance
Qualification
The performance qualification tests are
intended to determine the ability of welders to
make sound welds
A welder is qualified by radiography of a test
coupon or by radiography of initial production
welding or by bend tests taken from a test
coupon
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Welding Performance
Qualification
Variables for SMAW
Removal of backing
Change in Pipe diameter
Change in P number
Change in F Number
Change in thickness of weld deposit
Change in welding position
Change in vertical welding
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Welding Performance
Qualification
Thk (mm) Max tk of dep. Metal
<13
2t
>13
Max to be welded
Test
1FB, 1RB
2SB
Welding Performance
Qualification
Welded
Without Backing
Fx
With Backing
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
Qualified
Fx
F1
F2, F1
F3, F2, F1
F4, F3, F2, F1
F5, F1
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Welding Performance
Qualification
Weld
Plate 1G
Plate 2G
Plate 3G
Plate 4G
Pipe 1G
Pipe 2G
Pipe 5G
Pipe 6G
Pipe of OD
71- 610 mm
F
F, H
F
F
F
F, H
F, V, O
All
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Thank you
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