Types of Milling Machine

1.Column and Knee Type

2.Manufacturing of Fixed Bed Type
3.Planer Type
4.Special Purpose type

1.Column and Knee Type

Hand Milling machine
Plain Milling machine
Universal Milling machine
Omniversal Milling machine
Vertical Milling machine

Continue
Column and Knee Type Milling Machine
Main shape of column knee type of milling machine is
shown in Figure. This milling machine consists of a base
having different control mechanisms housed there in.
The base consists of a vertical column at one of its end.
There is one more base above the main base and
attached to the column that serves as worktable equipped
with different attachments to hold the workpiece. This
base having worktable is identified as knee of the
milling machine.
At the top of the column and knee type milling machines
are classified according to the various methods of
supplying power to the table, different movements of the
table and different axis of rotation of the main spindle.
These are described in brief as below.

Head Milling Machine

In case of head milling machine feed
motion is given by hand and movements
of the machine are provided by motor.
This is simple and light duty milling
machine meant for basic operations.

Plain Milling Machine

Plain milling machine is similar to hand
milling machine but feed movement can
be powered controlled in addition to
manual control.

Universal Milling Machine

A universal milling machine is named so as it

is used to do a large variety of operations. The

distinguishing feature of this milling machine
is it table which is mounted on a circular
swiveling base which has degree graduations.
The table can be swiveled to any angle upto
45o on either side of normal position. Helical
milling operation is possible on universal
milling machine as its table can be fed to
cutter at an angle. Provision of large number
of auxiliaries like dividing head, vertical
milling attachments, rotary table, etc. make it
suitable for wide variety of operations.

Omniversal Milling Machine

Omniversal milling machine is like a universal

milling machine with additional feature that its
table can be tilted in a vertical plane by
providing a swivel arrangement at the knee.
This enables it to make taper spiral grooves in
reamers, bevel gears, etc.

Vertical Milling Machine

Position of spindle is kept vertical or

perpendicular to the worktable in case of
vertical milling machine.

Horizontal Milling Machine

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2.Manufacturing of Fixed Bed

Type
Simplex Milling Machine
Duplex Milling Machine
Triplex Milling machine

Fixed Bed Type

It is also known as manufacturing type milling

machine. Its table is mounted directly on the ways of

fixed bed. Table movement is restricted to
reciprocation only. Cutter is mounted on the spindle
head which can move vertically on the column.
Duplex milling machine has double spindle heads, one

on each side of the table.

Triplex milling machine has three spindle heads one

each side of the table and third one is mounted on the

cross rail

3.Planner Type Miling

Machine
It is a heavy duty milling machine, its spindle

head is adjustable in vertical and transverse

directions. It is different from planner as feed
is given to the worktable.
This can accommodate a number of
independent spindles carrying milling cutters
on the rail. Independent driving of the
different spindles is possible so multiple
operations are possible simultaneously

4.Special Type Milling

machine
These are the special purpose milling machines, entirely

different in design and construction from the conventional

milling machines.
In case of Rotary table milling machine face milling cutters
are mounted on two or more vertical spindles and a
number of workpieces are clamped on the horizontal
surface of a circular table which rotates about a vertical
axis. Different milling cutters are mounted at different
heights. Loading and unloading are possible while milling
is in progress.
In case of drum milling machine the worktable rotates
about a horizontal axis and is called drum. In a planetary
milling machine, the work is held stationary while the
revolving cutters in a planetary path

It is used to finish cylindrical surface of a

workpiece internally or externally or both.

Pantograph milling machine reproduced the
workpiece at any desired scale of pre-decided
model.
Profiling machine duplicates full size of the
template attached to the machine.
Tracer milling machine can produce any predecided irregular or complex shapes of dies,
moulds by synchronizing movements of the
cutter and tracing elements

 Base
Gives support and
rigidity to machine
Acts as reservoir for
cutting fluids
Column face
Precision-machined and
scraped section used to
support and guide knee
when moved vertically
Knee
Houses feed
mechanism
Attached to column face
and moved vertically
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 Saddle
On top of knee
Moved in or out by

means of cross feed

hand wheel (manually
or automatically)
Swivel table housing
Fastened to saddle on
universal milling
machine
Enables table to be swiveled 45 either side of
centerline

 Arbor support
Fitted to over arm and

can be clamped
Aligns and supports
various attachments
Elevating screw
Gives upward or
downward movement to
knee and table
(manually or
automatically)
Spindle speed dial
Set by crank used to
regulate spindle speed

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Knee
Moves up and

down on face of
column
Supports saddle
and table
Does not contain
gears for
automatic feed

Arbors
Used for mounting milling cutter
Inserted and held in main spindle by draw bolt

Shell-end mill arbors

Permit face milling horizontally or vertically
Fit into main spindle

Collet adapters
used for mounting drills or other tapered-shank

tools in main spindle of machine or vertical milling

attachment
Quick-change adapter
Mounted in spindle
Permits such operations as drilling, boring, and

milling without change in setup of workpiece

Vise
Chucks
Rotating tables
Angle plates
Special fixtures
Universal dividing head
Modular fixturing systems
Clamp work to table

Plain vise
Jaws parallel or 90 to axis of spindle

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Swivel base vise

Can swivel through 360 in horizontal plane

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Universal vise
Can swivel through 360 in horizontal plane and

tilted from 0 to 90 in vertical plane

Easy-to-adjust Stop
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Terminology for a face-milling cutter.

Nomenclature of a common milling cutter

Left hand cutter

right hand cutter

Left hand spiral

right hand spiral

Left and right hand cutters.

Helical

Milling Cutters. a ) Helical b ) Plain

Plain

Collet

Fig.11 Tapers used for Milling machine arborrs

Fi Typical

milling arbors

FiTypical Collet types

Milling machine adapters

Adapters

Quick change adapter and tool holder.

Chuck adapter

Face milling
End milling

Gear cutting
Drilling

Keyway cutting
Dovetail cutting

Boring
Jig boring

T-slot and circular slot cutting

Many facing operations done

with fly tool

(a) Schematic illustration of conventional milling and climb milling. (b) labmilling operation showing depth-of-cut, d; feed per tooth, f; chip depth-of-cut,
tc; and workpiece speed, v. (c) Schematic illustration of cutter travel distance,
lc, to reach full depth-of-cut.

Cutting direction- Depending on the orientation of the workpiece feed

w.r.t. the rotation of the cutting tool.

Conventional (Up) Milling- Maximum thickness of chip at end of cut

Climb (Down) Milling- Maximum thickness of chip at start of cut.

Figure 24.4 Face-milling operation showing (a) action of an insert in

face milling; (b) climb milling; (c) conventional milling; (d) dimensions
in face milling. The width of cut, w, is not necessarily the same as the
cutter radius.

Some basic types of milling cutters and milling operations. (a) Peripheral
milling. (b) Face milling. (c) End milling. (d) Ball-end mill with indexable
coated-carbide inserts machining a cavity in a die block. (e) Milling a
sculptured surface with an end mill, using a five-axis numerical control machine.

SPECIFICATIONS OF A MILLING
MACHINE
Along with the type of a milling machine, it has to be

specified by its size. Generally size of a typical milling

machine is designated as given below :
(a) Size (dimensions) of the worktable and its
movement range table length *table width as
900 *275 mm.
Table movements : Longitudinal travel *Cross *Vertical as
600 * 200 * 400 mm.
Above travels indicate maximum movement in a
direction.
(b) Number of feeds available (specify their values). (c)
Number of spindle speeds (specify their values).

Cutters for (a) straddle milling, (b) form milling, (c) slotting, and (d) slitting with a
milling cutter.

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