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Course Contents
Workflow Overview
Business Object Repository
Task Builder
Workflow Builder
Customizing
Workflow Testing
Business Workplace
Organizational Plan
Workflow Administration
WORKFLOW OVERVIEW
Workflow Overview
Definition
Examples
Components
Tools
Workflow Definition
Workflow is defined as the automation of a business
When is Workflow
needed
?process is executed repeatedly
When a business
When different people are involved in different parts
Workflow Examples
Workflow in MM module (Purchase)
Workflow in ALE-IDOC area
Workflow in HR Module
Business in MM
Email sent
Email to manager
Client / Agent in
SAP
Purchase Engineer
creates PR
Manager 1
Approval
cycle
SAP
Manager 2
SAP
Approves
PR approval
Level-1
PR approval
Level-2
Final
approval
Confirmation from
Vendor after receipt
of email
Automatic PO
creation
(background)
in SAP
System
Third Party
System
Sending File
NO
SAP iDoc
reading
starts
Checks whether
material should be
created
Application
server
YES
Further posting
including BOM creation
Email
sent to
third
party
Enter Notification of
Absence (Employee)
Notification of
Absence
Yes
Approved
(Head of Dept)
No
Withdraw Notification
Yes
Revise Notification of
Absence (Employee)
Resubmit for approval
(Employee)
Workflow
Definition
Components
Workflow Definition
Components
Workflow definition consists
Step (Frontend)
Task
Business Object Method (Backend)
Workflow
Step
Task
BO
Method
55 Questions
Questions
Business
forfor
anyany
Business
Process
What What activity need to be performed
In what Order Order in which work should flow.
With what object Need to find suitable BO
Who does Person who can execute the task
When workflow should be triggered
Workflow
Tools
Workflow Tools
Workflow provides a number of tools for defining and
analyzing workflows as well as for monitoring
operation. They are:
Workflow Builder
Task Builder
Business Object Builder
Business Workplace
Workflow
Workflow Tools
Tools
Workflow Builder
It is for displaying and making changes to workflows. We can make
Small extensions directly to the original workflows supplied by SAP,
such as carrying out your own agent assignments or changing deadline
monitoring.
Task Builder
Task is an interface between workflow step and BO method. Task can
be executed in Foreground (Agent assignment) or in Background
(Workflow System).
Business Object Builder
Business Objects are used to make the functions of the R/3 Systems
available to a workflow.
Workflow Tools
Tools
Workflow
Business Workplace
This is the area where the end user receives information about the
activities they are to carry out. This provides them with a central
overview of all the activities that they are authorized to carry out.
They can commence the activities from here.
Important T. Codes
SWLD: All Workflow related
SWDD: Workflow Builder
SBWP: Business Workplace
SWU3: Verify Workflow customizing
SWO1: Business Object Builder
SWI1 : Work Item Display
SWUD: Consistency Check of Workflow
Important Tables
SWWWIHEAD
: Header Table
BUISINESS OBJECT
REPOSITORY
Implementation
& Release
of theofObject
Implementation
and Release
Objecttype
Type
Release Status
Release Status
Modeled
replaced
Key Fields
Key field represents unique identification for an
object.
The declaration between BEGIN_DATA and
END_DATA is generated entirely from the definition
data.
The Business Object Builder always works with
object references.
An object reference of this kind must be created in the
calling program with the macro
SWC_CREATE_OBJECT before a method is called
or an attribute determined.
Attributes
Attributes
Database Attribute
Database attributes are read from
the associated application table and
buffered in the object. Source code
is generated beforehand by the
Business Object Builder for this
purpose.
Virtual Attributes
Virtual attributes are calculated on
calling. Its combination of
other attributes Explicit
implementation is required.
Calculation upon attribute access
Database Attributes
Database Attribute
Virtual Attribute
Virtual
Attribute
Attributes implementation
Implementation Program
in BOR
Methods
Methods
Creating a method
Creating a Method
Synchronous Method
Results returned directly to calling program
Return of exceptions possible
All the methods that do not write their changes to the
Synchronous Method
The implementation between
BEGIN_METHOD and
END_METHOD is generated from
the definition data.
The macro
SWC_REFRESH_OBJECT must
also be called after the application
functionality for synchronous
methods that can change object
attributes, in order to delete the
object buffer.
Asynchronous Method
Communication for
Methods
Import
Parameters
Export
Parameters
Results
Exceptions
Synchronous
Method
Asynchronous
Method
Parameters
Parameters
Results
Results
synchronous methods
It can be linked to possible
outcomes in workflow
Exceptions
Exceptions
Exceptions
Exceptions
Exceptions
Exceptions
Temporary Error
Error occurs when certain
system resources are not
available
Application Error
Error exists in the called
application. (Example: There is
no authorization to edit the
object)
System Error
Inconsistencies exist between the
object type definition and the
method call. (Example:
Mandatory method parameters
for the method call have not been
set)
Events
Events
Macros to beto
used
Macros
be used
Only macros from <cntn01> may be used to manipulate objects
and containers.
Data Declaration:
Create a Object
Reference an Object
Refresh Object
SWC_REFRESH_OBJECT <obj_ref>
Macros to be used
Attribute access:
Call a Method
Define Container
SWC_CONATINER <cont>
SWC_CREATE_CONTAINER <cont>
Delegation
Delegation
Super Type
The object type from which attributes and methods are inherited
is called the Super type
Sub type
The Subtype inherits components from the super type. Has the
same Key field as its super type. ( Has extended functionality)
Delegation
Delegate the Super type to subtype. Define subtype and
delegation. Delegation "covers" the original super type.
You Continue to use the super type
TASK BUILDER
Task Builder
Standard Task
Triggering Event
Terminating Event
Agent Assignment
Standard Task
Single step task
Represents an activity
Associated with object type & its one of
methods
Triggering event is associated
There can be any number of standard tasks
in a
template
Task Creation
Triggering Event
Agent Assignment
Agent Assignment
Maintain Agent
Agent can be maintained in following ways
User
Job
Position
Rule
Expression
Organization Plan
Organization Plan
Position
Agent assignment