Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Short
Stories
& Novels
What is a Novel?
A
THE ELEMENTS OF
SHORT STORY & NOVEL
WRITING
PLOT
SETTING
CHARACTER
POINT
OF VIEW
CONFLICT
THEME
PLOT GRAPH
An excellent way to map out a
storys plot
* Introduction
Introduces the reader to:
Setting
Basic situation
Characters involved
Narrative Hook: question or
statement that grabs the readers
attention
* ATMOSPHERE OR
MOOD
The
* PLACE
Providing
a scenic, geographical
location where the action of the
story takes place.
* TIME
When
* WEATHER CONDITIONS
Is
* SOCIAL CONDITIONS
What
* LOCAL COLOR
Writing
@ Enticing Incident
The
@Rising Action
Incidents
along.
This is where the events in the
story become complicated and
the conflict in the story is
revealed.
Catharsis
Epiphany
Poetic Justice
FORESHADOWING
The
FLASHBACK
The
SUSPENSE
The
feeling of
excitement and
curiosity that keeps
the reader turning
the pages; created
by making the
readers wonder
how the conflict will
be resolved
CATHARSIS
Refers
EPIPHANY
Described
as a moment of self-realization
or discovery that enlightens or reveals the
persons character.
POETIC JUSTICE
A
Irony
The
@ THE CLIMAX
The
highest point of
interest in the story
when the character(s)
solves his/her struggles
Usually the point of
highest emotion
The climax can be
SUBJECTIVE (there may
be different answers,
so you must prove your
choice)
@ FALLING ACTION
The
character
completes the action
of his/her decision.
The events and
complications begin
to resolve
themselves.
The reader knows
what has happened
next and if the conflict
was resolved or not
(between the climax
and the denouement)
@ THE RESOLUTION /
DENOUEMENT
The
Narrative
@ THE RESOLUTION /
DENOUEMENT Cont.
This
personalities
who are involved in
the plot of the story
(people, animals,
fantasy characters)
Are life-like people ,
sometimes animals
and even objects
that make the
storyrealistic.
* GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS
OF CHARACTERS
Consistent
Character a character
whose actions, decisions attitudes and
feelings are consistent with what the
reader has been made to believe.
Dynamic Character a character who
changes or develops in the course of
the story from bad to good or vice
versa.
Static Character a character who
does not change or develop.
* SPECIFIC CLASSIFICATIONS
OF CHARACTERS
PROTAGONISTS
(HERO / HEROINE)
ANTAGONISTS
CONFIDANTE
FOIL
BACKGROUND
CHARACTERS
* CHARACTER TRAITS
Physical and personality characteristics
that
are revealed through:
1. What the character does?
2. What the character says?
3. What other characters say or do about
the character?
4. What the author states directly?
5. What the author infers?
* PROTAGONIST
Hero
/ Heroine - the
good guy in the story.
A central character in the
story who triumphs and
supports the good side,
thus the readers
sympathy is usually
expected to lie in him.
The main character that
we follow.
The character that strives
to solve the conflict.
* ANTAGONIST
Villain
story.
A character who contradicts
the good motives or deeds of
the protagonists.
He does evil deeds and
thwarts the good intention of
the hero, therefore,
considered as enemy.
Usually creates conflict for
the main character.
* CONFIDANTE
A
character
who
supports
the
protagonist
in the story,
often called
as the
heros
sidekick.
* FOIL
A
* SECONDARY CHARACTERS
Other
characters who
are necessary to
moving the plot along,
but may not be
involved with the
central conflict.
* CHARACTERIZING A
CHARACTER
* TECHNIQUES IN REVEALING
A CHARACTER
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Physical appearance
Dreams, thoughts or motives
Speech or words
Actions
What others say about him / her and
how others react to him or her.
to the method of
narration employed by the
author.
This method reveals whether
the author or the narrator is
part of the story or outside
the story.
@ INNOCENT EYE
The
@ STREAM OF CONCIOUSNESS
The
@ FIRST PERSON
The
@ INNOCENT EYE
The
@ OMNISCIENT
A
@ TYPES OF OMNISCIENT
POINT OF VIEW
Omniscient
Limited
@ TYPES OF OMNISCIENT
POINT OF VIEW
Omniscient
Objective
@ TYPES OF CONFLICT
External
Conflict
@ TYPES OF CONFLICT
Internal
Conflict
* Internal Conflict
PERSON VS. SELF
* External Conflict
PERSON VS. PERSON
* External Conflict
PERSON VS. SOCIETY
* External Conflict
PERSON VS.THE ENVIRONMENT
* External Conflict
PERSON VS. FATE
* External Conflict
PERSON VS. TECHNOLOGY
* External Conflict
@ THE THEME
The central idea about life that the
story
highlights; THE MAIN IDEA (universal
truths).
The message the author is conveying.
1. Determine the specific conflict
2. Decide what side of the conflict the
story represents
3. How is the conflict resolved? Who
wins? Who loses?
* THEME
Theme
story
Theme is NOT plot
Theme IS the general subject
matter of a work of art
Theme may contain a message
* THEME
Not