Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Natural
Approach
Alexis MartnezRamrez
Background
Tracy Dale Terrel
Spanish Teacher in California
1977 A proposal for a new
philosophy
of
language
teaching called the Natural
Approach
Attemp to incorporate the
naturalistic
principles
identified in L2 Acquisition
Stephen Krashen
Applied linguist at the University of
Southern California.
They both elaborated a Theoretical Rationale
Terrell
or
to
Natural Approach
Natural Method
emphasis on:
Exposure , or input, rather than practice,
Optimizing emotional preparedness for
learning,
A prolonged period of attention to what
Comprehension-based Approaches
Approach
Theory of Language
The essence of languages is meaning. Vocabulary,
language.
So the Natural Approach, is a Communicative Approach.
And they were against earlier methods that had focused on grammar.
Because they were built not around actual theories of language
and messages.
Acquisition can take place only when people
Lexical
Theory of Learning
Krashens Language Acquisition Theory
The NA is based on an empirically grounded theory of second language
to
language
monitor does best with rules that are simple in two ways.
They must be simple [0 describe and they must not require
complex movements and rearrangements.
developmental processes.
Clues based on the situation and the context, extralinguistic in formation, and knowledge of the
world make comprehension possible.
time, after the acquirer has built up linguistic competence by understanding input.
If there is a sufficient quantity of comprehensible input, I+1 will usually be provided
fact cannot be so finely tuned in a language class, where learners will be at many
different levels of competence.
more successful.
Anxiety.
Acquirers with a low affective filter seek and receive more input, interact with
presented.
Whatever
Objectives
Design
The Natural Approach "is for beginners and is designed to help them become
After 100- 150 hours of Natural Approach Spanish you will not be able to: pass for a
native speaker, use Spanish as easily as you use English, understand native
speakers when they talk to each other; use Spanish on the telephone with great
comfort; participate easily in a conversation with several other native speakers on
unfamiliar topics. (Krashen & Terrell, 1983)
The syllabus
Based
on
selection
of
communicative
activities
and
topics derived from learner needs.
Krashen
and
Terrell
(1983)
classified in four areas those goals
in language courses that are
aimed by the Natural Approach.
develop
basic
communication
skills both oral and written
On the other side, it holds that
comprehensible input,
about things in the here-and-now. Focus on
meaning, not form (Brown, 2007).
From
pictures.
meaningful
communication
language form.
rather
than
Response,
command-based
Direct
Communicative
work activities
Language
Teaching,
Group-
Learning Roles
They should not try to learn the usual sense,
of comprehensible input.
Learners' roles are seen to change according
it.
Where learning exercises (i.e. grammar study) are to be a part
Teacher Roles
The teacher is the primary source of comprehensible input.
language input.
Environmenter:
Video
Conclusions
The Natural Approach belongs to a tradition of language
teaching
methods
based
on
observation
and
interpretation of how learners acquire both first and
second languages in non formal settings.
Such
Bibliography
Brown, H.D. (2007). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive