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Highlights in

Philippine
History

Tabon Caves

In western Palawan Dr. Robert Fox discovered


in 1962, a fossilized skullcap, 22,000 years old.

Tabon bird

Skullcap was that of a woman

Unhealed hole in the skull

Land Bridges

Philippines was believed to be part of the


mainland Asia

People traveled on foot

Walking is the earliest mode of transportation

Early Set of People who


came to the Philippines

Negritos traveled on foot forebears of the


various tribes today known as Baluga, Ayta,
Agta, Mamanuwa, Batak, Ati and Ata. They
brought with them the Paleolithic Age.

Indonesians first to arrive by sea, after thousands of


years, brought with them the Neolithic Age.

Malays followed with more advanced culture, introducing


the Iron Age.

Barter Trade System

Brought multi-cultural influences.


Trading vessels plying between the
South China Sea to the Persian Gulf,
made the islands a convenient
stopping place for:

Chinese

Indians

Arabs

Japanese and

Siamese merchants

Historical Periods

Pre Spanish Period

Spanish Period

American Regime

Japanese Occupation

Post War Period

First Philippine Republic

Spanish Period ( 15211898)

March 16, 1521 Fernao Megalhaes Y Souza,


(Ferdinand Magellan), a Portuguese working
under Spain, REDISCOVERED the Philippines

Landed in the uninhabited island of Homonhon

Proceeded to Limasawa, met with the ruler


Rajah Kolambu.

Gift of Magellan to Queen Juana

Celebrated

the first mass (Fr. Pedro de


Valderrama) on March 31, 1521 and
planted the wooden cross atop a hill
Magellans cross in Cebu.

Met

with Rajah Humabon and on April 14,


1521, converted the first ( 800) Christian
Filipinos.

All

chieftains welcomed Magellan except


Lapu-lapu of Mactan.

ESTABLISHED THAT THE WORLD IS ROUND


CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF THE WORLD

THE FIRST MASS


LOCATING THE ARCHIPELAGO IN
EUROPEAN/WORLD MAP

INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY

1.

LOAISA EXPEDITION (1525) CONTINGENT: 7 SHIPS &


450 MEN. RESULTS: FAILURE TO REACH RP

2. CABOT EXPEDITION (1526)CONTINGENT: 4 SHIPS & 250 MEN.


RESULTS: FAILURE TO REACH RP
3. SAAVEDRA EXPEDITION (1527) CONTINGENT: 3 SHIPS & 110
MEN. RESULTS: REACHED MINDANAO BUT FAILED TO
COLONIZE.
4. VILLALOBOS EXPEDITION CONTINGENT: 6 SHIPS & 200 MEN.
RESULTS: REACHED MINDANAO BUT FAILED TO COLONIZE
RUY LOPEZ DE VILLALOBOS NAMED AS ISLAS FILIPINAS
IN HONOR OF KING PHILIP II.

Magellan

died in the hands of Lapu-lapus


men on April 27, 1521.

Several

expeditions were sent by Spain


Cabot, Saavedra, Loaisa, Villalobos and
Legaspi.

Miguel

Lopez de Legaspi (grandfather of


Juan de Salcedo) was the first Spanish
Governor Gen. of the Philippines and the
founder of the city of Manila on June 24,
1571.

(a Combination of Laws &


Jurisprudence
that governed the delicate
Relationship
between the Catholic Church and
Spanish Crown)

The word encomienda comes from the


Spanish encomendar which means to
entrust. Encomienda is a grant of inhabitants
living in particular conquered territory which
Spain gave to Spanish colonizer as a reward
for his services (Zaide 1987: 76)

THE TRIBUTE

In July 26, 1523, King Charles V decreed that


Indians who had been pacified should
contribute
a
moderate
amount
in
recognition of their vassalage (Cushner 1979:
101). In theory the tribute or tax was
collected from the natives in order to defray
the costs of colonization and to recognize
their vassalage to the king of Spain (Ibid).

THE POLO

The Polo or forced labor is another Spanish that had


created discontent among the Indios during the Spanish
times. All men between sixteen and sixty years of age,
except chieftains and their elder sons, were required to
render labor of various forms for 40 days in the colony.
This was instituted in 1580 and reduced to 15 days per
year in 1884 (Constantino 1975: 51).

American Regime
(1898 1941)
Mock

battle between the


Spaniards and the Americans.

Treaty

of Paris Philippines
was sold by Spain to the
Americans at $20 million.

Japanese Occupation
( 1942 1945)
World

War II

Death

March

Corregidor

where we had our


last fight with the Japanese, was
bombed for 27 days and nights

Fall

Of Bataan

Liberation

( 1945-46)

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