Under Martial Law

Article VII, Section 10, paragraph

2 of the Constitution, issued
Proclamation 1081 on September
21, 1972 placed the entire
country under martial law.

 Constitutional Convention
-September 25, 1972, motion to adjourn the plenary
meeting until the lifting of martial law.
Kapulungan or General Assembly (Jan 10-15,
1973)
1. Do you approve of the Citizens Assembly as a
way of popular government to decide issues
affecting our people?
2. Do you approve of the new constitution?
3. Do you want a plebiscite to be called to ratify the
new constitution?

New Constitution

 3 Resolutions after Kapulungan

1. Proclamation No. 1102, ratification by the
Filipino people of the 1973 constitution as of
noon Jan 17, 1973
2. Proclamation No. 1103, declared interim
National Assembly, provided for in Article
XVII of the new constitution
3. Proclamation No, 1104, declared the
continuation of Martial Law

 Effects of the New Constitution

1. Official Abolition of legislative body
2. Exercise by the President Marcos of
the powers of the President and the
Prime Minister
3. Exercise by the president of the
power to call the interim assembly

 There was an obvious disparity,

wealthy became welthier and the
poor poorer
Social Stability was threatened, and
what Marxist call a Revolutionary
situation

Distribution of Wealth

 Truce movement in Feb, 1975 with Moro

National Liberation Front (MNLF), by
appealing to the members of the ASEAN
and to the Muslim countries to help force
a ceasefire in the affected areas of
Mindanao and Sulu
MNLF attacked the Philippine
Constabulary forces in Mindanao during
the truce period

Peace and Order

 Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP), the

Moscow-oriented communist group, founded by
Crisanto Evangelista during the 1930, volunteered
to cooperate with Marcos.
Memorandum of Cooperation, October 1, 1974
signed by Felicisimo Macapagal, secretary-general
of PKP
-Ended the conflict of PKP
Capture of Commander Dante (Bernabe
Buscayno), head of NPA and Lt. Victor Corpus,
-This resulted to the weakening of the Communist
Party of the Philippines (Peking-order)

 Tax Amnesty
Philippine Foreign policy from Claro M. Recto
-Guidelines:
1. Intensify Philippines relations with members of the
ASEAN
2. Pursue the establishments of diplomatic relations
with socialist states (PRC AND Soviet Union)
3. Seek closer identification with 3rd World (developing
country)
4. Continue relation with Japan
5. Support Arab countries
6. Find new basis, compatible with emerging realities in
Asia, for a continuing healthy relationship with
United States.

Infrastucture

 Bases question with the

United States in Dec 1976

Labor and Human Welfare

Under Benedicto and Eduardo Cojuangco,

distribution and marketing monopolies for sugar and
coconuts were established. Farmers on the local
level were obliged to sell only to the monopolies
and received less than world prices for their
crops; they also were the first to suffer when
world commodity prices dropped. Millions of dollars
in profits from these monopolies were diverted
overseas into Swiss bank accounts, real estate deals,
and purchases of art, jewelry, and antiques. On the
island of Negros in the Visayas, the region developed by
Nicholas Loney for the sugar industry in the nineteenth
century, sugar barons continued to live lives of luxury,
but the farming community suffered from degrees of
malnutrition rare in other parts of Southeast Asia.