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uS
Leonard
Raj
Sheldon
uS = 0
planar cross-section
uS = 0
Since the ice cream truck is not yet moving, the wave
fronts are spherically symmetric.
US = 0
FYI
Even though the sound waves are drawn as
transverse, they are in actuality longitudinal.
uS
FYI
Dont forget, the actual speed of the wavefronts
through the stationary medium of the air is the speed of
sound v (bunched or otherwise).
f>f
f<f
uS
If Dobson is in front of the moving truck, f > f.
If he is behind, he will hear f < f.
Pulse 2
t=T
= vT
Pulse 1
t=T
uS
d = uST
speed of
sound.
Doppler effect
moving source
speed of
sound.
Doppler effect
moving source
speed of
sound.
Doppler effect
moving source
v t
The diagram shows which wavefronts pass the
observer in the time interval t (red):
Because the wave speed is v, the length of the region
in question is v t.
If we divide the length v t by the wavelength we get
the number of cycles (or wavefronts). Thus
#cycles detected = v t / .
Recalling the definition of f we have
f = #cycles detected / t = (v t / ) / t = v / .
But v / = f so that f = f. (EXPECTED)
vt uOt
The diagram shows which wavefronts pass the moving
observer in the time interval t:
The red area v t is still due to the wave speed itself.
The blue area uO t is due to the observers speed uO.
Now for the observer
#cycles detected = (v t + uO t) / .
f = #cycles detected / t
= [ (v t + uO t) / ] / t
= v / + uO / .
binomial
theorem
Frequency will
Topic 9: Wave phenomena - AHL decrease as S
passes O. Why?
9.5 Doppler effect
Solve problems involving the Doppler effect