Unit 2

Topics covered
Dyeing
Introduction
Stages of dyeing
Methods of dyeing

colorantsdyes
complex organic compounds used to add color to
materials by binding to them
molecules dissolved in in water or some other
carrier that allows them to penetrate the fiber
stage added affects penetration
chemical additives used to regulate penetration
great color strength
small amount of dye colors large quantities of fabric
used in either solutions or pastes (used for printing)
thermoplastic fibers difficult to dye
http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=SBN3hDIz88Y

stages of dyeing
fiber stage
added to fibers before yarn spinningslightly
irregular color (heathered or mottled)
mass pigmentation (solution-dyed)adding
colored pigments or dyes to spinning solution
before fiber is formed
stock or fiber dyeing is expensive

stages of dyeing
yarn stage
can be done with
yarn in skeins skein dyeing
yarns wrapped on cones or packages
package dyeing
yarn wound on beams beam dyeing
yarn-dyed fabrics more expensive to produce
larger inventories of yarn needed
threading loom
considered to be better quality fabrics
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wfagh_MZRw&feature
=related

participation activity:
yarn dyeing wool & kapok samples
using the wool & kapok samples created in the yarn
spinning activity from a previous class, select a color
of kool-aid dye to experiment with
put both samples in the same color for comparison
purposes
leave in dye for duration of class

stages of dyeing
piece/fabric stage
piece dyeing
when bolt or roll of fabric dyed
usually produces solid-color fabrics
generally costs less to dye
color decisions can be delayed
cross dyeing
piece dyeing of fabrics (sometimes yarns) made of
different generic fibers
each fiber type bonds with a different dye class
union dyeing
another type of piece dyeing that uses dyes suited to
each fiber type, mixed to produce same hue

stages of dyeing
product stage
after fabric is cut & sewn into finished product
great care must be taken in handling materials
& dyeing to produce level, uniform color
button, thread, trim may be different color
because of differences in dye absorption
important due to quick response to retail &
consumer demands

methods of dyeing
batch dyeing
AKA exhaust dyeingtextile circulated through dye
bath, can be used in any stage of production
beck (reel or winch) dyeing
fabric (in loose rope) lifted in and out of dye bath
by a reel
jig dyeing
uses stationary dye bath with two rolls above bath
fabric carried around rolls & rolled back and
forth
pad dyeing
fabric run through dye bath in open width then
between squeeze rollers to force dye into fabric
with pressure

methods of dyeing
package dyeing
dye bath forced through textile during yarn stage
wound on core and placed on perforated spindle in
pressurized machine

methods of dyeing
combination dyeing
both textile & dye bath are circulated
jet dyeing
similar to beck dyeingfabric processed as
continuous loop
paddle machines, rotary drums or tumblers
used primarily for product dyeing
continuous machines
used for large fabric lotsinclude
compartments for wetting-out, dyeing, aftertreatment, washing, rinsing

methods of dyeing
resist dyeing
block color absorption during yarn or fabric dyeing
batik
generally hand process using hot wax applied to
fabric in given design
tie dye
hand process in which areas of yarn or fabric
are wrapped with thread or string
ikat
ancient form of resist in which yarn is tied, dyed
& wovenrequires great skill to determine
placement of design in finished fabric
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkFc
0JNsmO0