PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

AND TECHNOLOGY
SR.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

NAME
DHRUVIN GANDHI
GAUTAM VEKARIYA
DHARMESH FULBARAIYA
DILAVAR DODIYA
HARDIK DESAI

EN. NO.
140370119071
140370119074
140370119068
140370119065
140370119056

SUBJECT:- MANUFACTURING
PROCESS-2

-:TOPIC:Type of manufacturing processes

and selection of manufacturing
processes

CLASSIFICATION OF
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
-It is classified mainly in to two types:1.Classification based on the functions of the
process
2. Classification based on quantity of production

A)Classification based
on the functions of the
process

1.PROCESSES OR CHANGING
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
MATERIAL
-It involves heat treatment like
a) Hardening
b) Annealing
full annealing
normalizing
Process annealing
Stress relief annealing
c) Tempering
d) Surface hardening

2. CASTING
PROCESSES
-It involves forming of objects by filling prepared
moulds or forms with molten metal and allowing
to solidify.
-Types of casting: Sand casting
Permanent mould casting
Die casting
Centrifugal casting
Precision casting including plaster moulding,
investment casting, shell moulding, etc.

3.PRIMARY METAL
WORKING PROCESS

-These process produce what are known as

wrought metals are important engineering
materials because of there strength and
toughness.
-This process includes: Metal rolling
Cold drawing
Pipe and tube manufacturing process
Forging
Extrusion

4. SHEARING AND
FORMING PROCESS
Conversion of sheet metal into finished parts
Example-pots and pans, metal cabinets, door
and window hardware and automobile bodies.
operation makes up these process are classified
as follows
a)Shearing
b)Drawing
c)Forming
d)Stretching

5. JOINING PROCESS
It

is carried out for fabrication of equipments, for

assembling of components to make functional
units or for repair of worn out or broken parts.
the most common join process includes
Welding
Brazing
Soldering
screw-fastening
Riveting
Pressing
Adhesive joining

6. MACHINING
PROCESS
-It includes forcing a cutting tool with one or more cutting
edges through the excess material on a work piece and
removing this excess material in form of chips.
-The machining process includes the following:Turning
Drilling
Boring
Reaming
Shaping
Planning
Slotting
Milling
Sawing
Broaching

7. SURFACE FINISHING
PROCESS
It

is used to ensure a smooth surface, to improve

appearance or to improve a protective coating.
The surface finishing process includes:Barreal tumbling
Polishing
Buffing
Honing
Lapping
Abrasive belt grinding
Anodizing
Metal spraying
Electroplating
Inorganic coating

B)Classification based
on quantity of
production

1.UNIT OR PIECE PRODUCTION

It

is the manufacture of work pieces which are

not to be produced again or to be produced only
after an indefinite time.
The production may be involve a large number
of operation but a minimal of repetition in order
to kept the cost of the final product within
reasonable limit.

2.BATCH OR LOT PRODUCTION

It

is characterized by the manufacture of parts in

batches or lots which are repeated periodically.
Several operations are required to be done
repeatedly at each work station.
Additional work holding devices, multi-tool head
and machine fixtures become economically
justified with this type of operations.
It is suitable for large number with slight
variation in sizes.

3.MASS PRODUCTION
It

is characterized by continuous production of

goods in large quantities.
The operation in most cases are performed on
special purpose machine and may be partly or
fully automatic.
Inspection is simplified and may be handled by
unskilled or semi-skilled workers
Examples of mass produced products includes
bicycles, motors, utility items, sewing machine,
bottle caps, nuts and bolt and automobiles.

SELECTION OF THE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The selection of the manufacturing
process to be used for any product calls
for a balanced consideration of all the
factor discussed given below

1. FUNCTION OF THE
PROCESS

manufacturing process may be required to

produce a given shape or size, produce desired
form, change the physical properties or
generate a required finish or accuracy.
The

process has to be selected properly in view

the desired purpose to be achieved.

2.MATERIAL OF THE
PRODUCT
Process like machining, welding, forging and

rolling depends considerably on the

corresponding properties like machinability,
forgeability, or ductility of the material for
success application.
These

properties also decide the nature and

magnitude of forces that can arise and hence the
capacity of the equipment to e used.

3. SHAPE AND
COMPLEXITY OF THE JOB
The

shape and complexibility of the work piece

may call for the use of a particular process.
The

micro structure of material as received and

the likely that can occur during the process are
necessary to be considered in deciding the
deformation possible at each stage, the number
of stages required and hence the posses time.

The

REQUIRED TO BE
PRODUCED

quantity of the job to be produced s

important in deciding the type of tooling and
equipment that can be used for any process.
The

cost of such tooling and equipment cannot

be justified if quantity to be produced is low.

AND ACCURACY
DESIRED

Surface

finish also improves the aesthetics of the

component and enhances its sales appeal.
Tighter

dimensional accuracy and improved

surface finish call for the use of sophisticatedoften numerically controlled machine tools and
additional surface finishing operations with
increased cost of manufacturing.

H
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