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CIS 375
Bruce R. Maxim
UM-Dearborn
1
Planning Objectives
To provide a framework that allows a
software manager to make an estimate
of resources, cost, and schedule.
Project outcomes should be bounded by
'best case' and 'worst case' scenarios.
Estimates should be updated as the
project progresses.
2
Software Scope
Scope Definition
Determine the customer's overall goals for
the proposed system and any expected
benefits.
Determine the customer's perceptions
concerning the nature of a good solution to
the problem.
Evaluate the effectiveness of the customer
meeting.
4
Product Feasibility
Technical feasibility is not a good
enough reason to build a product.
The product must meet the customer's
needs and not be available as an offthe-shelf purchase.
Resource Estimation
Human Resources
number of people required and skills needed to
complete the development project
Development Environment
hardware and software required during the
development process
Estimation Options
Delay estimation until late in the project.
Base estimates on similar projects already
completed.
Use simple decomposition techniques to
estimate project cost and effort.
Use empirical models for software cost and
effort estimation.
Automated tools may assist with project
decomposition and estimation.
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Decomposition Techniques -1
Software sizing
fuzzy logic
function point calculation
standard component
%change
Process-based estimation
decomposition based on tasks required to
complete the software process framework
8
Decomposition Techniques - 2
Problem-based estimation
using lines of code (LOC) decomposition
focuses on software functions
using function point (FP) decomposition
focuses on information domain
characteristics
10
Regression
11
Covariance
xy = (xi yi)/n (meanx)(meany)
Correlation
r = xy / x y
Regression
y = mx + b
m = xy / (x)2
b = meany m * meanx
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Totals
X^2
X*Y
Y^2
16
16
16
36
24
16
64
40
25
81
63
49
11
121
88
64
14
190
126
81
56
40
524
364
256
13
14
15
Decision Process
Develop specifications.
Estimate internal cost & delivery.
Select 3 or 4 candidate packages.
Select reasonable components.
Build a cost-benefit comparison matrix (key
function performance) or use conduct
benchmark tests of candidate software
6. Evaluate each software package or
component based on history with the product
or vendor.
7. Contact other users.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Decision Tree
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