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Object Localization
incisors
canine
premolar
molar
Maxillary PA
BW
Mandibular PA
In moving from the maxillary periapical to the bitewing
and from the bitewing to the mandibular periapical, the
tubehead moves down and the beam is redirected
upward (opposite direction; decreased vertical
angulation).
Vertical movement
For the films above, we know that the tubehead was moved
distally from the premolar to the molar film. The zygomatic
process (red arrows) is located at the distal aspect of the 2nd
molar on the premolar film and it is located over the distal
aspect of the 1st molar on the molar film. This indicates that
it moved mesially as the tubehead moved distally. We know
that the zygomatic process is buccal to the teeth and, using
the SLOB rule, it follows that the x-ray beam was directed
more mesially on the molar film (Buccal object moved
opposite to tubehead movement).
premolar molar
The
Is the
restoration
composite isrestoration
located on on
thetooth
buccal.
# 8The
(arrows)
tubehead
moves
locatedmesially
on the buccal
from the
or canine
lingual?film to the incisor film
(x-ray beam projected more distally) and the composite
moves distally, which is the opposite direction.
2 canine film
0
premolar film
The
The arrow
arrow in the canine
identifies film iscanal.
the lingual pointing
Thetotubehead
the guttamoves
percha from
mesially in which canal of the
the premolar filmmaxillary first premolar?
to the canine film (beam
directed more distally) and the gutta percha indicated by
the arrow also moves mesially. (See following slide).
0
lingual
D
buccal PI
PID
This
The
The is
red
Thepink the
post isbuccal
arrow
arrow is canal.
pointing
points
located in to The
ato
the tubehead
the
threaded
lingual gutta goes
percha
post.
canal. In the
As in
which
distally
which
canal
tubehead from
ofcanal
this thethis
of canine
maxillary
moves film
maxillary
left
distally toleft
second
from the
the premolar
first premolar?
premolar
canine film
is
film the
to
and
the the
post gutta percha
located?
premolar film, themoves mesially
post also moves to distally
be
positioned
to cover the over thethat
canal lingual
hascanal which
all gutta has the
percha.
threaded post.
premolar film 4 molar film 0
TheIstubehead movessecond
the maxillary distally from
the premolar
premolar film to the molar film.
(arrows)
Thedisplaced
second premolar also moves
to the buccal
distally,
or theoverlapping
lingual? the first molar
more in the molar film. In moving
from the premolar periapical to the
bitewing, the tubehead moves
down and the premolar also moves
down. The displacement is to the
premolar bitewing lingual.
incisor film 5 canine film 0
The
Is the
lateral
displaced
incisor
incisor
is displaced
(arrows)tolocated
the lingual.
on the
The
buccal
or the lingual?
tubehead moves distally from the incisor film to the
canine film. The lateral incisor also moves distally,
covering half the canine on the canine film.
6 canine film 0
premolar film
film
r can in e
ent fo
lace m
PID p
PID plac
ement fo
premola r
r film
root tip
Thetubehead
The maxillarymoves
right lateral incisor
mesially from(arrow) is tiltedfilm
the premolar outtoofthe
position.
incisor InThe
film. which direction
lateral (buccal
incisor or lingual)
also moves is it
mesially,
tipped?out overlying the canine on the premolar film and
starting
ending up over the central incisor on the incisor film. Since
the lateral moves the same direction as the tubehead, it is
tipped lingually.
incisor film 8 canine film
0
The
Thetubehead
maxillarymoves distally
left canine fromis
(arrow) the incisor film
impacted. Is ittolocated
the
canine
more tofilm.
theThe impacted
buccal or the canine
lingual?also moves distally,
starting out overlying # 9 on the incisor film and ending up
over the lateral incisor on the canine film. The impacted
tooth is located on the lingual (palatal).
0
premolar periapical film
9
The tubehead moves down
from the premolar
periapical film to the
bitewing film. The
The amalgam restoration
restoration also moves
indicated by the arrow is
down, starting out above
located on the buccal or
premolar bitewing film
the two occlusal
the lingual?
restorations on the
periapical film and ending
up overlapping the occlusal
restorations on the
bitewing film. The
restoration is located on
the lingual.
0
premolar bitewing film
10
Thetubehead
The mandibular second
moves
premolar
down fromis tilted
the out of
premolar
position.film
bitewing In to
which
the
direction (buccal
periapical film. The or
lingual)premolar
second is it tipped?
also
premolar periapical film moves down, indicating
that it is lingually tipped.
0
molar bitewing film
11
The tubehead moves down
from the molar bitewing film
The arrows point to a
to the periapical film. The
retention pin. Is the
pin identified by the arrows
pin located in the
also moves downward. Since
buccal or lingual
the movement of the pin
portion of the tooth?
follows the direction the
molar periapical film
tubehead was moved, it is
located toward the lingual
aspect of the tooth. The other
pin is located toward the
buccal, since it moved
upward as the tubehead
moved down.
0
12
premolar film molar film
The
Doestubehead moves
the arrow pointdistally from the premolar
to the mesiobuccal film to the
or mesiolingual
molar
canal?film. The canal indicated by the arrow also moves
distally to align with the other canal, which moves mesially
(The canals have to move in opposite directions in order to
be superimposed on each other). The indicated canal
(arrow) is located mesiolingually.
molar bitewing film 0
13
premolar film
The
In gutta from
moving percha
theroot canal
incisor filling
film identified
to the canine by the
film, arrows
and then
is located
from in which
the canine filmcanal?
to the premolar film, the tubehead
moves distally. The gutta percha (arrows) also moves
distally in each case. Therefore, it is in the lingual canal.
0