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GUIDELINES &
COLD MIX TECHNOLOGY
RURAL ROADS
Total length of rural roads in India is over 31,59,639 km which is about 60% of
the total road network in the country.
Serves to connect all the rural habitations with the state highways and national
highways.
Rural roads are tertiary system of roads in the total network which include Other
District Roads (ODRs) and Village Roads (VRs).
Since 1951 (2,04,061 km), Rural Road Network been growing at a rapid pace.
With a CAGR of 4.57% Rural roads are the fastest growing road network in India.
OBJECTIVES OF PMGSY
Defined by IRC: Roads which are negotiable during all weather, except river
crossings. Implying that the roads are effectively drained through adequate cross
drainage structures, such as, culverts, minor bridges and cause ways.
The pavement should be negotiable during all-weather conditions.
PAVEMENT DESIGN
Factors that affect Pavement Design:
Initial construction cost.
Availability of good materials locally.
Rainfall and Temperature.
Technology of Construction required
and its availability.
Design Parameters are:
General: Maximum CBR is 20% and
Maximum CVPD is taken as 450.
Traffic: Average traffic growth rate is
taken as 6% .
Design Life: Minimum design life is
taken as 10 years.
The table shows the type of surfacing
as per the quantity of rainfall (in mm)
and type of traffic.
PAVEMENT MATERIALS
Sub Grade Layer:
Coarse Material should not exceed
75mm in embankment and 50mm for
subgrade.
Embankment should be up to 3mtrs high
for areas not subjected to flood.
Above 3mtrs for areas subjected to
floods.
GSB (Granulated Sub-Base):
The materials used for shall be natural
sand, moorum, gravel, crushed stones,
crushed slag, granulated slag, crushed
concrete, brick metal and kankar.
Base Layer:
Size of the Coarse aggregate
depends upon the thickness of the
WBM layer.
Screening Material
Bituminous Layer:
Contains a Tack Coat followed by
a surface layer and finally a seal
coat.
BITUMEN EMULSION
Bitumen Emulsion was developed for the first time in 1900s and its application for
pavement was started in 1920s.
First time used in 1970s in India.
Indias consumption of Bitumen Emulsion was only 20,000 tonnes in 1996, as
compared to worlds consumption of 12 million tonnes.
How is it Manufactured?
SUMMARY
Rural Roads are the basic infrastructure required for the socio-economic development
of the Rural Areas in India.
India has over 6 lakhs rural habitations and the GoI intends to connect all these
habitations with the help of all-weather roads, through the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak
Yojana (PMGSY).
Under the PMGSY the government aims to connect all the habitations with over 500
people, in plain areas, and over 250 people, in the hilly and desert areas.
The IRC has special design and development guidelines, manual for the construction
of Rural Roads in India, which includes all the guidelines of any other rural
development programs in India.
Cold Mix technology has emerged as a energy efficient solution for the existing Hot
Mix Technology.
It is safe, environment friendly and easy to use in all the climatic conditions, except
rainy seasons.
THANK YOU!