PRESENTING

CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF

TERRORISM
IN

PAKISTAN

WHAT IS TERRORISM?
The word terrorism is derived from
a Latin word terror which means
great fear, dread or to frighten.
TERRORISM has no global definition yet it
can be termed as:

Systematic use of violence to Intimidate

governments or societies, in such a way as to
achieve a certain goal.

TERRORISM

WAR AGAINST TERROR

WAR AGAINST
TERROR
I.

British India

II. Creation of
Pakistan
III. Background
IV. Geographical
Location
V. Soviet-Afghan War
VI. Role of USA
VII.Rise of Al-Qaida
VIII.Musharraf Era
IX. US Invasion

BRITISH INDIA
landed as an East India
Company
Started political
interference
Gained power day by day
Fall of Mughal Dynasty
India became British
India
War of Independence
1857
Formation of Congress

CREATION OF PAKISTAN
1947, Muslims obtained
independence and created Pakistan
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the first
Governor General
Liaquat Ali Khan, the first
Priminister
War of 1948 (Kashmir)
Era of Field Marshal Ayub and
General Yahya
War of 1965 and 1971
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto became the first
nominated Prime Minister of
Pakistan
General Zia-ul-Haq an important
figure

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
Sub-Continent was
divided on the basis of
Muslim and Hindu
majorities
Geographically our
location is quite important
Center of the third world
countries
Warm waters and trade
routes
Sharing borders with Iran,
Afghanistan, China and
India

BACKGROUND
The geographical location of
Pakistan has strategic significance
Since 1947 we were inclined
towards USA and West
Pakistan became victim of
terrorism during 60s and
intensified during 1971
USSR, one of the super powers
prior to 1980
Remained greedy to reach the
warm waters
The next thing was spreading
Communism
A system in which all the property
belongs to the class less society
rather than the individual citizens

SOVIET-AFGHAN WAR
December 1979, Red
Army invaded Afghanistan
1980, Babrak Karmal
installed as ruler, backed
by Soviet troops
1980, anti-regime
resistance intensified
along with assistance of
Mujahidin groups as
backed by Pakistan, USA,
China, Iran and Saudi
Arabia
1985, Mujahedeen joined
hands and formed alliance
against Soviet forces
under support from

SOVIET-AFGHAN WAR
Half of the Afghans
were displaced due to
war and many fled to
Pakistan and Iran
1986, US assisted
Afghan Mujahidin
through Pakistan
1986, Babrak Karmal
replaced by Najibullah
as head of Sovietbacked regime
1988, Afghanistan,
USSR, the US und
Pakistan sign peace
accords at UNO

SOVIET-AFGHAN WAR
1989, Red Army quit
but civil war increased
1992 Najibullah govt.
toppled but civil war
intensified

ROLE OF USA
USA realized the
increasing strength of
USSR
USA never wanted
communism to spread
in whole world
USA assisted
Afghanistan financially
and strategically
Pakistan as a bridge
Role of Zia-ul-Haq
Role of ISI

RISE OF AL-QAIDA
After 1992, when Red Army
quit, civil war started in
Afghanistan
Mullah Omer rose and ruled
Afghanistan and imposed
Islamic law
In 1993, name of Al-Qaida
appeared with purpose of
assisting aggrieved Muslims
Headed by Osama Bin Laden
USA openly opposed Al-Qaida
and threatened Afghanistan
Mullah Omer rejected the
American demands, being
unjustified
Al-Qaida responded tit for tat
to USA

MUSHARRAF ERA
General Musharraf became head
of the state in 1999
Voiced for Enlightened
Modernization
Announced full support to USA
after 9/11
Apparently made 180 turn from
previous policies about Taliban
The Gorilla war was taken inside
Pakistan by so called Taliban and
caused terrorism.
The deteriorating law and order
situation became worsened due to
interference by CIA/KGB ,Mussed
and RAW.

US INVASION
2001, Coalition forces led by
USA invaded Afghanistan
Turkey was the only Islamic
country among the coalition
nations
Many religious groups stood
against the invasion
Mujahidin groups migrated to
Afghanistan from all over the
world
Mullah Omer and Osama fled
to far mountainous region and
fueled Gorilla war

PPP THIRD TERM

2008 saw departure of
Musharraf and third term of
PPP in the Government
Desire for command and
poor economic situation
forced PPP Govt to continue
Musharraf policies
Above situation coupled with
interference by our enemies
intensified and spread
terrorism and the whole
Pakistan became the victim

CONCLUSION
War on Terror has probably
benefited very few but Pakistan
lost thousand of lives
(military/civil)
Our economy suffered by billions
The so called Taliban inflicted
bad name to our beloved
religion, Islam
Law and order situation became
worst and despite appreciation
about geostrategic location,
Pakistan went in isolation

How it all started?

On September 11th
2001, 2 planes crashed
into the World Trade
Centre and changed the
world
The Al Qaeda a
terrorist organization of
Afghanistan, headed by
Osama Bin Laden
claimed responsibility.

Pakistani Victims : War on

Terror
More than 24,000 people both
civilians and troops were killed
in terrorist attacks during the
period between 2001 and 2008.
The last five years have proved
costlier, in human terms.
Another 25,000-plus people
died during military offensives
against Taliban insurgents in the
restive tribal regions since 2008.

CAUSES OF
TERRORISM
All terrorist Acts are motivated by two things:
1. Social and political injustice
2. The belief that violence or its threat will be
effective, and usher in change.
This explanation of the causes of terrorism may
be difficult to swallow. It sounds too simple, or
too theoretical. However, if we look at any
group that is widely understood as a terrorist
group, we will find these two elements are basic
to their story.

CAUSES
Political Causes:
i.

Non Democratic setup

ii. Improper Government

setup
iii. Absence of law and
failure

. External
Causes:

Socio-Economic
Causes:
i.

Injustice

ii. Illiteracy
iii. Poverty and
unemployment
iv. Food insecurity
v. Dissatisfaction

. Religious Causes:

i. Afghan War 1979

i. Role of Madrasahs

ii. Iranian Revolution

ii. Religious Intolerance

DEATH RATE IN PAKISTAN

What was Pakistan In the PAST

Pakistan used to be
a beautiful country
where peace and
harmony prevailed
But things changed--DRAMATICALLY!!!
Terrorism in Pakistan
originated with
supporting the Soviet
war in Afghanistan
The Mujahedeen
fighters were trained
by Pakistan's military
and American CIA

Effects of Terrorism in Pakistan

21,672 Pakistani have lost their

lives.
Pakistan army has lost 2,795 in
the war.
There have been 3486 bomb
blast in the country due to which
Pakistan economy effected
greatly.
Terrorism has negative impact
almost every sector of Pakistan.
Terrorism has been increased
suicide attacks due to which
people lost their lives.

How
do
they
train
bombers?

Brain wash by
describing they will
go to heaven with
the press of a button.
What they are
doing is Jihad
The people who are
going to be attacked
are all Kaafirs

Effects of TERRORISM on
Economy
Rise in cost of production
Fall in business confidence
Product Innovation falls
Government on non-productive
areas.
Outsourcing of business

PAKISTAN TOURISM
Pakistan tourism industry suffered a loss of 44 million
dollars.

STEPS taken by PAKISTAN

Ban on Terrorism organization
Operation Rah-e-Raast (May 2009)
Operation Rah-e-Nijat (June 2009)
Government also take step for
reforming of Madrassas.
U.S should help in resolving the
Kashmir dispute. In order to fight
terrorism. Pakistans media should
play very important role.
The Government must be loyal
and responsible.
Operation Gazab e azab and
Peshawar incident.16 Dec 2014

How to stop terrorism??

If the feeling of
injustice is unjustified it
can be removed

By changing the
policies against militants
Attack terrorists and
their capacity to operate

CONCLUSION
To conclude, Pakistan is a peace
loving nation and playing its
important role in combating terror.
Pakistan has sacrificed the most in
the ongoing war on terror.
Unfortunately sometimes its
commitment is doubted by some
of its allies.
Mistrust can lead to diversion of
efforts, which will not be beneficial
to common objective of peace in
the region.
Pakistan is a responsible nation;

GLOBAL TERRORISM
Attacks on the US embassies in Kenya and
Tanzania in 1998
9/11 tragedy in 2001
Attacks were traced to the group headed by
Osama bin Laden known as al-Qaeda.
global terrorism was migrated from the Middle
East to South Asia.

TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN
Suicide bombers struck 150 times
in different parts of the country.
First suicide attack occurred in
Karachi in May 2002.
Result of joining hand with US &
NATO forces

TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN
Assailant targeted a funeral in
Swat and the Pakistan Ordnance
Factory.
In 2007 Lal Masjid siege,
hundreds of seminary students and
10 Army men were killed.

GENESIS

Eight years ago, two planes flew into two towers

and the world changed.
United States initiated a war against terror.
US hosted $3 billion aid package for Pakistan
fighting against Al-Qaida.
Pakistan joined the U.S. war on terror and broke
relations with Afghanistan's Taliban government

GENESIS
Deployed 25,000 troops to the
Federally Administered Tribal Areas
Encouraged the "mujahedeen" to
fight the proxy war against the
Soviet Union.
Some of these groups were later
activated

CAUSES OF TERRORISM

Onset of partition of British India, saw massive killing

of non-combatants.
Pakistan manifestation of Shea-Sunni opposition.
Aid to mujahedeen and Arab afghans
Terrorism in since the 1980s began primarily with to
the Soviet-Afghan War.
War brought numerous fighters from all over the
world to South Asia in the name of jihad

CAUSES OF TERRORISM
Post Afghan War 1990 and 1996, the Pakistani
establishment continued to support and the
Mujahedeen groups
9/11 attacks brought this strategy of Pakistan
under increased international study.
Unregulated Madrassas throughout Pakistan is
believed to contribute significantly to its terrorism
problem
Some became recruiting centers for terrorists

EFFECTS OF
Lashkar-e-Omar
TERRORISM
Lashkar-e-Taiba
Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan
Assasination of Benazir

EFFECTS OF
TERRORISM
Attack
On Sri Lankan Cricket Team in
Lahore, Pakistan.
Marriot Blast
Lal- Masjid incident
Bajur battle (2023 killed 4000
injured)

EFFECTS OF
TERRORISM

BENEFICIARIES

EXTERNAL BENEFICIARY
US government

Raw and Indian agencies

Israeli Ordinance Business
INTERNAL BENEFICIARY
General Pervez Musharraf
MQM ( Mutahida Qaumi Movement)
Different political parties.

PLAYERS
CIVILIANS
POLITICIANS
MILITANTS
MEDIA
EXTERNAL FORCES

RESOLUTION
PEACE ACT
AWARENESS
HONESTY
SECURITY
PROPER ADMINISTRATION
CITIZENS RIGHTS

CONCLUSION

How to
stop
terrorism ?