Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
INTRODUCTION
GINGIVA
ALVEOLAR MUCOSA
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
ALVEOLAR BONE
GINGIVA
IT IS PART OF ORAL MUCOSA THAT COVERS THE ALVEOLAR PROCESSES
OF JAWS AND SURROUNDS THE NECK OF THE TEETH.
MARGINAL GINGIVA
PAPILLARY GINGIVA (INTERDENTAL GINGIVA)
ATTACHED GINGIVA
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
THERE ARE FEWER FIBRES PER UNIT AREA LEADING TO A WIDER,
LESS DENSE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT SPACE.
ALVEOLAR BONE
MORE ELASTIC AND
PLIABLE
LESS CALCIFIED HAS ABUNDANT BLOOD SUPPLY
FEWER TRABECULAE AND LARGER BONE MARROW SPACES
PHYSIOLOGIC GINGIVAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED
WITH TOOTH ERUPTION.
SIMPLE GINGIVITIS
GINGIVAL ABCESS
PERICORONITIS
LOSS OF STIPPLINGS
HYGIENE.
OF TOOTH.
CLINICAL FEATURES:
-BLEEDS EASILY.
CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC GINGIVITIS:
DIFFUSE ENLARGEMENT AND ERYTHEMA OF
MARGINAL & PAPPILARY GINGIVA.
CHRONIC GINGIVITIS:BRIGHT RED GINGIVA IS
BLUNTED,RECEDED,DUE TO TOTAL LACK OF ORAL
HYGIENE
ETIOLOGY:
-CERVICAL CAVITIES.
-OVERHANGING RESTORATION.
-IMPACTION
-MOUTH BREATHING.
TREATMENT:-
-ORAL PROPHYLAXIS
-GINGVECTOMY:RARELY DONE.
GINGIVAL ABSCESS:
-SUDDEN ONSET.
-LOCALISED PAINFUL LESION OF MARGINAL OR INTER DENTAL GINGIVA.
-EARLY STAGE- RED SWELLING WITH A SMOOTH SHINY SURFACE.
-24 TO 48HRS-FLUCTUANT AND POINTED LESION WITH SURFACE ORIFICE
FROM WHICH A PURULENT EXUDENT IS EXPRESSED.
-ADJACENT TEETH ARE OFTEN SENSITIVE TO PERCUSSION.
ETIOLOGY:
TREATMENT:
-DEBRIDEMENT.
-ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY.
-SURGICAL REMOVAL.
PERICORONITIS:PAINFUL ERYTHEMATOUS
ENLARGEMENT OF THE SOFT TISSUES OVERLYING
THE CROWN OF PARTIALLY ERUPTED RIGHT
MANDIBULAR MOLAR
DRUG INDUCED GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT:
CLINICAL FEATURES :
-PATIENTS VARIATIONS IN PATTERN OF ENLARGEMENT.
-TENDENCY TO OCCUR MORE OFTEN IN ANTERIOR GINGIVA.
-HIGH PREVELANCE IN YOUNGER AGE GROUPS.
-ONSET WITHIN THREE MONTHS OF USE.
PHENYTOIN :
MECHANISM:
-GROWTH OF GENETICALLY DISTINCT POPULATION OF GINGIVAL
FIBROBLAST RESULT IN ACCUMULATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUES BECAUSE
OF REDUCED CATABOLISM OF COLLAGEN MOLECULE.
PHENYTOIN RELATED GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS:
CYCLOSPORINE:
SYNONYMS:
-ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS.
-ACUTE NECROTISING GINGIVITIS.
-VINCENTS INFECTION.
-FUSO- SPIROCHETAL DISEASE.
-TRENCH MOUTH.
ORAL SIGNS:
-SUBGINGIVAL CURETTAGE.
MANAGEMENT:
-ADEQUATE VITAMIN-C SUPPLEMENT.
SCURVY:BRIGHT RED , ULCERATED GINGIVA.
GINGIVAL DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH
HEREDITY:
MECHANISM
VIRUS MOVES THROUGH NERVES TO NEURONAL GANGLION WHERE IT
REMAINS DORMANT UNTILL REACTIVATED BY VARIOUS STIMULI INCLUDING
TRAUMA, EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT OR U.V. LAMPS, FEVER, STRESS, FATIGUE
, ALLERGY.