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Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
AWAS..
DILARANG KERAS
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Input
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Input
Input is any data entered into the computers memory.
Types of input include:
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Digital Cameras
Touch Screen
Stylus Pen
Wand Reader
Microphone
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Keyboar
d
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Types of Keyboards
Enhanced / Extended Keyboard
Ergonomic Keyboard
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Input Devices
Mouse pointing device
Keyboard
Microphonespeech- recognition
Digital Cameras
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Pointing Devices
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Types of Mice
PS/2 Mouse
Cordless
Mouse
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How a Mouse
Works
Mouse buttons enable the user to initiate actions.
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Foot
Mouse
Touch Pad
Joystick
Trackball
Pointing
Stick
Pen
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Speech
Recognition
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Optical Input
Devices
Digital Cameras
Digital Video
Videoconferencing
Click on the
picture to play
video
Web Cams
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Other Input
Devices
Fax Machines
Scanners
Flatbed
Handheld
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Processing
Logic
Arithmetic
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Output
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Output
Devices
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Visual Display
System
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Monitor
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Types of Monitors
Cathode-ray tube (CRT) Resemble televisions; use picture tube
technology; inexpensive, but they take up desk space and use a
lot of energy.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD or flat-panel) Cells sandwiched
between two transparent layers form images; used for notebook
computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and personal computers;
expensive, and they take up less desk space and use less energy
than CRT monitors.
CRT
LCD
Types of LCD monitors:
Passive-matrix LCD
Active-matrix LCD
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Monitor
Specifications
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Printers
Impact printer
Non impact printer
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Impact
Printer
Impact printer
Dot-matrix
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Laser
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Multifunction
Printer
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Plott
er
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Audio Output
Audio output is the ability of the computer to
output sound.
Two components are needed:
Try clicking on
Cheers while
playing music
MIDI
Rocky
2:56 min
MP3
Hornsby
48 sec
WAV
Cheers
15 sec
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Storage
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RAM Memory
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Why is storage
necessary?
Storage:
Retains data when the computer is turned off.
Is cheaper than memory.
Plays an important role during startup.
Plays an input role when starting applications.
Is needed for output.
Devices can hold a large amount of data.
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Storage Devices
Storage devices are:
Hardware that is capable of retaining
data when the electricity is turned off.
Able to read (retrieve) data from a
storage medium (disk/tape).
Able to write (record) data to a storage
medium.
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall,
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
Inc
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Computer System
Hardware
Software
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Hardware
Hardware is the computers physical components.
The components include:
Input devices Enable users to enter data into
the computer for processing.
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Components of the
CPU
Control unit Coordinates and
controls all parts of the
computer system.
Arithmetic-Logic unit Performs
arithmetic or logical operations.
Registers Store the most
frequently used instructions and
data.
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall,
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
Inc
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CPUs at Work
Control Unit Manages four basic operations
(fetch, decode, execute, and write-back).
Instruction Cycle
Fetch- Gets next program instruction from the
computers memory.
Decode- Figures out what the program is telling the
computer to do.
Execution Cycle
Execute- Performs the requested action.
Write-back (Store)- Writes (stores) the results
to a register or to memory.
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The Processing
Cycle
ALU
Control unit
Click to
animate.
Click one
time only
Memory
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The
Motherboard
Microprocessor
Keyboard /
Mouse Ports
Printer Port
Click on terms to
view larger images
and information
Memory
Slots
Video Port
AGP Slot
PCI Slots
Chipset
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Popular CPUs
Intel
Pentium IV
Pentium III
Pentium MMX
Cyrix
Motorola (Apple)
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Processing Devices
Motherboard
Expansion Card
Random Access
Memory RAM
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Output
Devices
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
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Storage
Devices
Hard Drive
CD / DVD
Drive
Floppy Disk Drive
Zip
Drive
Jazz
Drive
Tape
Drive
Micro Drive
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Communications Devices
Key Terms
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Communications Devices
Modem
Network Interface Card NIC
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Types of
Computers
Desktop PC, Microcomputer
Notebook Laptop
Workstation
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Introducing Software
Software consists of the programs that give the
computers hardware its step-by-step instructions.
Software is created by programmers using a
programming language.
Programs contain units called files.
Transferring a program into the computers
memory is called loading.
Once loaded into memory the programs
instructions are carried out or executed.
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Types of Software
System software
Application software
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System
Software
System software is divided into two
categories:
The operating system:
Provides support for running application software.
Coordinates the various functions of the
computers hardware.
System utilities:
Are programs for optimizing computer
performance.
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Types of Operating
Systems
Command-line interface Users type
instructions at the keyboard, one line at
a time. Examples: MS-DOS, PC DOS,
UNIX
Graphical user interface (GUI) Users
choose items from menus by using a
pointing device to click on icons which
represent resources and commands.
Examples: Windows, Mac OS
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall,
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
Inc
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Command-Line Interface
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Application Software
Application software includes all
programs that enable us to use the
computer in a useful way.
Custom software is developed for
specific needs.
Packaged software is produced for
the mass market.
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Software Suite
MS WORD
MS ACCESS
MS EXCEL
MS POWERPOINT
MS FRONT PAGE
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The
End
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