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e Test for
Deoxyribose
Object
ive:
To detect the
presence of
deoxyribose
in DNA.
Procedure:
1. Set up 4 dry and clean test tubes. Add 2 ml of
each of the following:
1 Test
tube:
st
2 Test
tube:
nd
3 Test
tube:
rd
4th Test
tube:
Crude
Procedure:
2. Add 5 ml of diphenylamine solution to each test tube.
Mix the contents of the test tubes.
Procedure:
3. Heat the test tubes in a boiling water bath for
10 minutes. Observe the color of the solution.
Result
s:
Test
tube
1
2
3
4
Solution
Observations
Principle:
The
DNA
is
treated
with
diphenylamine
under
acidic
condition
and
is
initially
depurinated
quantitatively
followed by the dehydration of
deoxysugar
to
hydroxylevulinylaldehyde.
This
aldehyde condenses in an acidic
medium with diphenylamine to
produce
deep
blue
colored
solution.
Explanation of Results
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids made
of nucleotide subunits. One major
difference between DNA and RNA is
their sugar: DNA contains deoxyribose,
whereas RNA contains ribose.
Deoxyribose
is
adeoxy
sugar,
meaning that it is derived from
thesugarriboseby
loss
of
anoxygenatom.Since it is DNA that
contains deoxyribose, therefore the
standard DNA and crude DNA solution
will show positive result.
Modifications of Histones
Normally, histones are
positively
charged
molecules, and addition
of
methyl
groups
(methylation)
makes
them more hydrophobic.
Hydrophobic molecules
tend to stick together,
and increasing histone
methylation will cause
the histones to pack
Modifications of Histones
Acetylation (adding an acetyl
group)
and
phosphorylation
(adding a phosphate group) make
the
histones
more
negatively
charged
because
acetyl
and
phosphoryl groups are negative. By
making histones more negatively
charged, their grip on DNA will be
much looser because DNA is also
negatively charged. Similar charges
(negative and negative) repel one
another.